Journal 2023-4 - Volga Region Farmland

UDC 633.63+631.82
DOI 10.36461/NP.2023.68.4.004

SURVIVAL RATE OF WINTER WHEAT PLANTS AT DIFFERENT LEVELS OF MINERAL NUTRITION
V.V. Koshelyaev, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor;
O.N. Kukharev, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, Professor;
I.P. Koshelyaeva, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor;
G.V. Ilyina, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor
Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education “Penza State Agrarian University”,
Penza, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

This article presents materials on the study of plant survival as a basic biological property characterizing the ability of seeds to create in specific conditions full-fledged plants participating in the formation of yield. Aspects of plant survival are considered depending on varietal characteristics and levels of mineral nutrition. The purpose of the research was to determine the survival rate of plants of different winter wheat varieties depending on the levels of mineral nutrition and to establish the relationship of this property with yield. As a result, it was found that the survival rate of winter wheat varieties, all other things being equal, practically does not depend on the levels of mineral nutrition. This indicator is integral, and depending on the variety, it is characterized by a different ability of seeds to create full-fledged plants in specific conditions. There is an interdependence between the survival rate of plants and the yield of winter wheat varieties, which is expressed as medium and strong, depending on the variety.
Keywords: winter wheat, varieties, plant safety, plant survival rate, mineral nutrition, fertilizer.

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UDC 633.11"321"+631.81.095.337
DOI 10.36461/NP.2023.68.4.008

THE EFFECT OF SILICON-CONTAINING PREPARATIONS ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF SPRING SOFT WHEAT
S. A. Semina, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor; N.I. Ostroborodova, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor; G.V. Ilyina, Doctor of Biology, Associate Professor
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The article presents the results of research on the effect of various preparations with silicon on the formation of productivity of spring soft wheat of the Favorit variety during non-root treatment of plants. It was revealed that a significant positive effect on the formation of productive stems was obtained by non-root treatment with Microvit-6 Kremniy, an increase to the control was 11.7%. It was noted that non-root treatment with NanoKremniy contributed to the formation of plants of greater height, the increase to the variant without silicon-containing preparations was 2.7 cm or 4.2%. The results obtained indicate that in the years of research, treatment with silicon-containing preparations led to an increase in the size of the ear, the increase to the control averaged 0.4-0.8 cm or 6.2-12.5% with the advantage of Microvit-6 Kremniy. In the same variant, an increase in the number of fruiting spikelets was noted, in other variants it did not exceed the control values. There was no significant increase in the ear grain content during leaf treatment with silicon-containing preparations. High grain yield was obtained using non-root treatment with Microvit-6 Kremniy, the increase to the control was 0.49 t/ha. The least effective was the use of the Kelic Potassium + Silicon, which provided an additional 5.8% grain harvest compared to water treatment. The weight of 1000 grains increased by 7.7-11.1% when using preparations with silicon.
Keywords: wheat, silicon-containing preparations, structure, ear, grain, yield, vitreousness.

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UDK 635.1+631.8
DOI 10.36461/NP.2023.68.4.007

THE EFFECT OF COMPLEX WATER-SOLUBLE FERTILIZERS WITH CHELATED TRACE ELEMENTS ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF CARROTS
V.I. Gryazeva, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences; Yu.V. Koryagin, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences; N.V. Koryagina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences; N.P. Chekaev, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences; A.A. Kabunin, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences;
Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education “Penza State Agrarian University”, Penza, Russia, email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Carrot seeds contain essential oils that are inhibitors of their germination. Therefore, pre-sowing treatment of the seeds with solutions of complex water-soluble fertilizers with chelated trace elements is very important. The effect of complex water-soluble fertilizers with chelated trace elements on the sowing qualities of carrot seeds and their productivity was studied in the conditions of the collection site of the Penza State Agrarian University. It was found that the germination energy increases in almost all variants of the experiment. The greatest effect is observed with the combined use of Micromak and Aquamix in doses of 1 ml and 1 g per kg of seeds, respectively. The germination energy was 65%, which is 8% higher than that in the control. Thus, the use of complex macro- and micro fertilizers "Micromak" and "Aquamix" contributes to a faster consumption of spare nutrients and a faster appearance of seedlings and even sprouts, a more intensive transition of seedlings from heterotrophic nutrition to autotrophic. In other words, pre-sowing treatment of seeds with these types of fertilizers improves all indicators characterizing the first stages of ontogenesis of carrot plants. Improvement of the nutritional regime, acceleration of plant growth and development under the effect of seed treatment with complex macro- and micro-fertilizers significantly affected the increase in productivity of garden carrots, which ranged from 46.4 to 52.3 tons per 1 ha, with 39.5 tons per 1 ha in the control. The highest yield was obtained by joint treatment of carrot seeds before sowing with Micromak at a dose of 1 ml and Aquamix at a dose of 1 g per 1 kg of seeds and amounted to 52.3 tons per 1 ha, which is higher than the control by 12.8 t/ha or 32.4% (LSD0.5 t/ha = 4.89). In the same variant, the largest number of commercial root crops was 40.1 tons per 1 ha, which is 14.3 tons per 1 ha more than that in the control (LSD 0.5 t/ha = 6.03).
Keywords: complex water-soluble fertilizers, chelates, garden carrots, seeds, germination, germination energy, growing season.

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Agronomy

FORMATION OF CROP YIELDS AND FERTILITY OF GRAY FOREST SOIL UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF DIATOMITE AND BIRD DROPPINGS
A.N. Arefiev¹, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor; E.N. Kuzin¹, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor; O.N. Kukharev¹, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor; E.E. Kuzina¹, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor; R.I. Dubin², Candidate of Agricultural Sciences
¹Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education “Penza State Agrarian University”, Penza, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.;
²Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education “Tatishchev Astrakhan State University”, Astrakhan, Russia

FORMATION OF CROP STRUCTURE ELEMENTS OF THE WINTER WHEAT DEPENDING ON THE USE OF TRACE ELEMENT FERTILIZERS AND RETARDANT GROWTH REGULATORS
A.S. Shcherbakov, graduate student; S.V. Bogomazov, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor; E.V. Efremova, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor; A.V. Lyandenburskaya, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences; O.N. Kukharev, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, Professor.
Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education “Penza State Agrarian University”, Penza, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

SPECIFICS OF DIFFERENT BARLEY VARIETIES YIELD FORMATION UNDER THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE CONDITIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF TUVA
Ch.K. Bolat-ool, Candidate ofAgricultural Sciences
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Tuvan State University", Kyzyl, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

THE WATER REGIME OF JAPANESE MILLET VARIETIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE LOWER VOLGA REGION
T.V. Rodina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Senior Researcher; A.N. Astashov, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Chief Researcher; K.A. Pronudin, Research Associate
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Russian Scientific Research and Production Engineering Institute of Sorghum and Corn”, Saratov, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

INHERITANCE OF PLANT HEIGHT IN DIALLEL CROSSES OF SELF-POLLINATED CORN LINES
V. I. Zhuzhukin¹, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences; L. A. Gudova², Candidate of Agricultural Sciences; M. S. Serebryakova1, Master; A. F. Sugrobov¹, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences
¹Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov", Saratov, Russia;
²Federal State Budgetary Scientific Organization "Federal Center of Agriculture Research of the South-East Region", Saratov, Russia, tel. 892171242886, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF SILICON PREPARATIONS IN CORN CULTIVATION
E.V. Nikulina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, teacher; S.A. Semina, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor; E.A. Zueva, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor; E.N. Varlamova, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Penza State Agrarian University”, Penza, Russia, email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Private animal husbandry, feeding, technologies of feed preparation and production of livestock products

THE EFFECT OF PROTECTED FAT BASED FEED ADDITIVE ON THE QUALITY OF SHEEP MILK AND THE PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL STATUS OF LAMBS
G.I. Boryaev¹, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor; E.V. Polyakova¹, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor; A.A. Kuznetsov¹, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor; A.V. Nosov¹, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor; F.N. Tsogoeva², Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor; A.D. Fedyukina¹, student
¹Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education “Penza State Agrarian University”, Penza, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
²Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education “Gorsky State Agrarian University”, Vladikavkaz, Russia

MORPHOMETRIC INDICATORS OF HONEY BEES DIED IN WINTER
M.N. Nevitov¹, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor; K.S. Barannik², 11th grade student,
¹Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.;
²Municipal budgetary educational institution "Gymnasium № 53", Penza, Russia

OPTIMAL PROTEIN CONTENT IN COMPLETE COMPOUND FEEDS FOR LACTATING DOE RABBITS
D.G. Pogosyan, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor; D.V. Zakharov, Associate Professor; I.M. Belyaev, Student
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia, е-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF MILK PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS OF THE RUSSIAN BLACK PIED AND KHOLMOGORY BREEDS DEPENDING ON THE LINEAR AFFILIATION
S.D. Batanov, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Honored Worker of Education of the Udmurt Republic; I.N. Varachev, Postgraduate
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Udmurt State Agricultural University" Izhevsk, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Technologies, machinery and equipment for the agro-industrial com

JUSTIFICATION OF THE DEVICE FOR ORIENTED ONION PLANTING
P.N. Khorev¹, Candidate of Engineering Sciences, Associate Professor; A.V. Machnev², Doctor of Engineering Sciences, Professor; Yu.V. Polyvyany¹, Candidate of Engineering Sciences, Associate Professor; A.V. Yashin¹, Candidate of Engineering Sciences, Associate Professor;
¹Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Penza State Agrarian University”, Penza, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.;
²Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian University of Biotechnology”, Moscow, Russia

LABORATORY STUDIES ON THE SCARIFIER-INOCULATOR FOR THE PRE-SOWING TREATMENT OF SEEDS OF PERENNIAL LEGUME GRASSES
S.A. Kshnikatkin¹, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor; V.V. Konovalov², Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor; P.G. Alenin¹, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor; I.A. Voronova¹, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor; I.A. Konnov¹, Master; E.M. Somov¹, Student
¹Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.;
²Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Technological University", Penza, Russia

THEORETICAL STUDIES ON THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF SOWING CEREAL CROPS WITH A COMBINED COULTER
V.V. Shumaev, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor; S. V. Timokhin, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor; E.Zh. Apieva, Associate Professor
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

DESIGN OF A DEVICE FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR FEED PRODUCTION
A.L. Petryaev¹, graduate student; A. V. Chupshev¹, Candidate of Engineering Sciences, Associate Professor; V. P. Teryushkov¹, Candidate of Engineering Sciences, Associate Professor; V.V. Konovalov², Doctor of Engineering Sciences, Professor.
¹Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia, (9273) 872 244, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.;
²Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Technological University", Penza, Russia, (8412) 690-320, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Regional and sectoral economics (economic sciences)

ECONOMIC AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS AND MODELS IN FORECASTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE
N.F. Zaruk¹, Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor; G.A. Volkova², Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor; O.N. Sukhanova², Associate Professor; O.V. Mentyukova², senior lecturer; V.D. Badov², assistant
¹Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy”, Moscow, Russia;
²Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Penza State Agrarian University”, Penza, Russia, tel. (937) 4119433, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT STATE AND FORECAST OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF PEASANT (FARM) HOUSEHOLDS IN PENZA REGION
E.V. Efremova, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor; O.A. Tkachuk, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor; S.V. Bogomazov, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor; A.V. Nosov, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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