UDC 633.15+631.811.93
DOI 10.36461/NP.2023.68.4.010

ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF SILICON PREPARATIONS IN CORN CULTIVATION
E.V. Nikulina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, teacher; S.A. Semina, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor; E.A. Zueva, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor; E.N. Varlamova, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Penza State Agrarian University”, Penza, Russia, email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

In modern agricultural production it is urgent to find ways to increase productivity. At the same time, great importance is paid to various techniques of treating plants with environmentally friendly preparations that stim-ulate the growth and development of plants, increase their productivity and resistance to stress. In recent years, work has been underway to develop new, more economical and technologically advanced types of micronutri-ents, nanopreparations and rational ways of using them. In international experience, to assess the efficiency of crop cultivation technologies, a method is used that takes into account the energy accumulated in agricultural products and the energy spent on its production. Experimental work was carried out to assess corn cultivation techniques from the point in terms of energy efficiency in 2018-2020 on the basis of ZAO Konstantinovo in Penza region. The effect of non-root treatment of crops with silicon-containing preparations on the productivity of corn when grown for grain and green mass was studied. All observations, analyses, and records were carried out according to generally accepted methods. Meteorological conditions were assessed based on data from the Penza Center for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring. In 2018, there was insufficient moisture supply. Precipitation in 2019 fell unevenly, but most of it occurred during the period of active growth and de-velopment of corn. The weather conditions in 2020 were favorable for the growth and development of corn. The most energy efficient was the cultivation of corn for grain with the use of the preparation Microvit-6 Silicon for non-root treatment during all periods of use, but especially in the stage of five leaves. Efficiency factor was 3.18-3.41 units. The most effective method for cultivating corn for green mass was double spraying with nanosilicon preparation in the stage of 5 and 7-8 leaves. This variant has the lowest energy consumption of 1.83 GJ for the production of 1 ton of feed units and the highest bioenergetic efficiency of 6.12 units. The largest net energy income is 159.37 GJ/ha.
Keywords: corn, green mass, grain, cultivation techniques, energy efficiency, silicon preparations.

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