UDC: 636.2.034
DOI 10.36461/NP.2023.68.4.013

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF MILK PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS OF THE RUSSIAN BLACK PIED AND KHOLMOGORY BREEDS DEPENDING ON THE LINEAR AFFILIATION
S.D. Batanov, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Honored Worker of Education of the Udmurt Republic; I.N. Varachev, Postgraduate
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Udmurt State Agricultural University" Izhevsk, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

In order to improve the indicators of milk productivity of cows, it is important to carry out targeted selection and breeding work. By studying the biological characteristics of the linear affiliation of breeding stock within a breed, we identify the best genetic "matrix", and the comparative evaluation of sires according to their prepotency within the lines determines the high breeding value and economic efficiency of their use in breeding progress. The research was carried out on the basis of the farms JSC "OSHMES" of the Sharkansky District and JSC "Put Ilyicha" of the Zavyalovsky District of the Udmurt Republic. Scientific studies to determine the influence of the breed affiliation of the dairy herd and sires of different lines on the complex of indicators of daughters characterizing milk productivity were carried out on first-calf cows of Russian Black Pied and Kholmogory breeds. The results of our studies showed no reliable influence of pedigree within breeds on the level of milk productivity of cows. The breeding stock of the investigated herds shows a rather high degree of Holsteinization (over 90% blood content). The results of the study showed a reliable superiority of Russian Black Pied first-calf heifers of the Vis Back Ideal and Reflection Sovering lines over their Kholmogory herdmates of the corresponding lines in terms of milk yield for 305 days of lactation by 1,589 kg (21.1 %, Р 0.001) and 1,474 kg (19.5 %, Р 0.001), milk fat and protein 21.9 %; 21.0 % (Р 0.001) and 19.4 % (Р 0 .01); 16.5 % (Р 0.05), respectively. A reliable (Р 0.05) superiority (by 0.06 p.p.) of Russian Black Pied first-calf heifers of the Reflection Sovering line over their herdmates of the Kholmogory breed of the similar line was found. The Kholmogory first-calf heifers were significantly superior to their Russian Black Pied herdmates in the content of the mass fraction of protein in milk by 0.04 p.p. (Р0.05) and 0.08 p.p. (Р0.01) respectively. The analysis of the productive qualities of daughters (first-calf heifers) has shown that the indicators for milk quantity and quality are significantly influenced by the "father" factor, as the sire contributes to a greater extent to increasing the genetic potential of productivity and its realization under optimal feeding and housing conditions.
Keywords: milk productivity, line, first-calf heifers, breed.

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