UDC 633.15:631.52+522+524.82
DOI 10.36461/NP.2023.68.4.009

INHERITANCE OF PLANT HEIGHT IN DIALLEL CROSSES OF SELF-POLLINATED CORN LINES
V. I. Zhuzhukin¹, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences; L. A. Gudova², Candidate of Agricultural Sciences; M. S. Serebryakova1, Master; A. F. Sugrobov¹, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences
¹Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov", Saratov, Russia;
²Federal State Budgetary Scientific Organization "Federal Center of Agriculture Research of the South-East Region", Saratov, Russia, tel. 892171242886, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The article deals with genetic components that control the inheritance of the trait "plant height" in corn hybrids. Eleven self-pollinated corn lines and 55 hybrids from diallel crosses (p(p-1)/2) were included in the study. The research took place in the period 2019-2020. It was found that the plant height of the corn hybrid lines and the group averages were higher in 2019 than in 2020. In the study years, the self-pollinated line SPK 14 was characterized by a reliable surplus of plant height compared to other lines. Hybrids produced with the SPK 14 line are also characterized by a high value of the trait. In 2019, the trait values in combinations with the SPK 14 line are higher than 203.1 cm, in 2020 higher than 183.9 cm. The high effect of GCA and SCA variance in the SPK 14 line indicates its high combining ability. High values of true heterosis (more than 20.0 %) were found in 21 hybrids regardless of the year of investigation. A high degree of hypothetical heterosis was found in hybrid combinations with the lines SPK 12, SPK 13, SPK 14. When calculating the genetic components, lines SPK 16, SPK 17, SPK 18 in 2019 and in 2020 - SPK 12 and SPK 14 with epistatic gene interaction were excluded, so that the model adequacy could be considered additive-dominant. In the experiment, the control of plant height in the model population was found to determine five genes or gene groups in 2019 and six genes in 2020.
Keywords: corn, self-pollinated lines, hybrids, plant height, heterosis, genetic components.

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