UDC 631.8

EFFECT OF ZINC SALTS AND THE BIOPREPARATION "PHYTOSPORIN" ON THE SOWING QUALITIES OF LENTIL SEEDS
A.V. Nushtaeva, Candidate of Chemical Sciences, Associate Professor;
Yu.V. Blinokhvatova, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor;
O.M. Kasynkina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor;
P.G. Alenin, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor
V.O. Nogaev, Postgraduate
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Russia, tel. 8(8412) 62-83-67, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract. The article presents data on the positive effect of zinc salts (sulfate ZnSO4 and chloride ZnCl2) and the combined application of zinc salts with the microbiological preparation Phytosporin-M, containing living symbiotic bacterial cultures of Bacillus subtilis with biofungicidal properties, on lentil seeds of Redcliff variety. The test method was a laboratory germination of the seeds between layers of paper in growth chambers according to the standard method at a constant temperature of 25 ºC in a thermostat. In the presence of zinc salts, the values for the mean length of the roots increased by up to 23-40 % and for the seedlings by up to 34-45 % as well as for the wet and dry weight of 50 roots by up to 20-22 % and for the seedlings by up to 35-41 %. The maximum for the root growth parameters was observed at a concentration of 30-50 mg/L Zn2+, for the seedling parameters – at 70 mg/L Zn2+. Practically at all concentrations of zinc ions in aqueous solution, a more pronounced stimulation of root growth was observed with the application of ZnCl2, and a stimulation of seedling growth – ZnSO4. The positive effect of Zn2+ions was also shown on the background of Phytosporin-M, which manifested itself in the stimulation of axial organ development. According to the results of the experiments, the optimum concentration of Zn2+ is 30-70 mg/L, and in complex with Phytosporin-M about 30 mg/L for chloride and 30-90 mg/L for sulfate.
Keywords: sowing qualities of seeds, biopreparations, lentil, zinc, sulfate ions, chloride ions, Phytosporin.

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UDC 633.11"324"+631.81.095.337

PHOTOSYNTHETIC PRODUCTIVITY AND YIELD OF WINTER WHEAT DEPENDING ON THE APPLICATION OF MICRONUTRIENT FERTILIZERS AND PLANT GROWTH RETARDANTS
A.S. Shcherbakov, Postgraduate;
S.V. Bogomazov, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor;
A.V. Lyandenburskaya, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences;
E.V. Efremova, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor;
O.N. Kukharev, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor
Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia, tel. +79004682721, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of complex micronutrient fertilizers and growth regulators with a retarding effect on the photosynthetic productivity and yield of winter wheat. In order to increase yields and photosynthetic parameters, it is important to determine the justification for the use of complex micronutrient fertilizers and plant growth regulators in cultivation technology. On average, the highest leaf area (56.63 thousand m2/ha) and the highest photosynthetic potential (1593.10 thousand m2/ha × day) were formed in plants treated with the fertilizer Aquamix ST. The application of the growth regulator KHEFK led to a reliable increase in leaf area by 1.79 thousand m2/ha and in photosynthetic potential by 43.59 thousand m2/ha × day. When evaluating the influence of the factors and their gradations on the quality of the work of the photosynthetic apparatus, it should be noted that the net photosynthetic productivity (NPP) in the variants with foliar application of Aquamix ST was 5.97 g/m2 × day. Retarding growth regulators significantly changed the value of NPP, resulting in an increase of 0.05 g/m2 × day. According to the results of the experiment, it was found that the highest yield of winter wheat (4.95 t/ha) was obtained when the plants were treated foliarly with the fertilizer Aquamix ST and the growth regulator KHEFK.
Keywords: winter wheat, micronutrient fertilizer, growth regulator, photosynthetic productivity, yield.

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UDC 633.11"321"

FORMATION OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS IN SPRING WHEAT YIELD DEPENDING ON THE TERMS OF APPLICATION OF AMINO ACID BIOSTIMULANTS AND CROP SENICATION
A.V. Dyakina, Postgraduate, S.V. Bogomazov, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor,
A.V. Lyandenburskaya, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, O.A. Tkachuk, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor,
G.V. Ilina, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor r
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution
of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia, tel. 8-(8412)628-546, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

In modern agriculture, one of the ways to increase yields of spring wheat is the use of amino acid biostimulants and crop senication. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of the application of amino acid biostimulants and senication of spring wheat in order to optimize the conditions for growth, development and increase in grain yield.
According to the experimental results, a reliable effect of the investigated agronomic methods on the yield of spring wheat was found. Foliar treatment with Biostim Cereals preparation contributed to the yield of spring wheat in the amount of 4.35-4.60 t/ha. The highest yield was observed when the biostimulant was applied at the tillering and stem elongation stages – 4.60 t/ha, with a deviation from the control of 0.47 t/ha.
Senication as an innovative agronomic technique increased the yield of spring wheat on average by 0.44-0.58 t/ha. The highest yield of spring wheat (5.14 t/ha) was observed with foliar treatment with Biostim Cereals at the tillering and stem elongation stages and with senication of plants at the soft dough stage of the grain.
Keywords: amino acid biostimulant, senication, spring wheat, yield.

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UDC 631:632:635.21
DOI 10.36461/NP.2023.67.3.002

POTATO RESISTANCE TO GLOBODERA ROSTOCHIENSIS AND GLOBODERA PALLIDA USING MOLECULAR MARKERS
I.O. Gazdanova, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences,
N.N. Doguzova, Postgraduate
Federal Scientific Center "Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Vladikavkaz, Russia e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it..

Studies were carried out to identify potato genotypes with resistance genes against the potato cyst nematodes using molecular markers. The detection of disease resistance genes using DNA markers can be an alternative approach to select potentially resistant samples. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) breeders widely use the resistance gene H1, which provides almost absolute resistance to the potato cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis) pathotype Ro1. The work was carried out in the Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Studies of Agricultural Plants of the Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences using the instrument line for PCR analysis. The breeding material was tested in advance under laboratory and field conditions for the most important economically valuable traits. Globodera rostochiensis and Globodera pallida are nematodes that cause serious damage to potato crops worldwide. They damage plants by sucking nutrients from the root tissue. The material consisted of potato leaves from 30 genotypes sampled during the vegetation period in the potato breeding nursery. Molecular markers of resistance genes were used to evaluate the potato samples: against the yellow potato cyst nematode – SCAR marker of the gene H1-TG 689, 57 R, STS marker Gro1-4-1 of the gene Gro1-4; against the pale potato cyst nematode – STS marker Gpa2-2 of the gene Gpa2. According to the results of molecular genetic analysis using DNA markers, potato genotypes that are gene carriers have been identified: Gro 1-4 – 14 samples, H1 – 20 samples, Gpa-2 –17. The article presents the results of the evaluation of the potato samples using the DNA marker-based evaluation of the resistant potato genotypes without the phenotypic evaluation.
Keywords: potato, gene, variety, hybrid, resistance, yellow potato cyst nematode, pale potato cyst nematode.

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