UDC 575.167:633.853.59:631.527.51:001.891.55
DOI 10.36461/NP.2025.75.3.003

PCA BIPLOT AND STRESS INDICES FOR ANALYZING DROUGHT RESISTANCE OF INTERSPECIFIC RIL POPULATION
R.I. Mukhammadaliyev, Doctoral Student; A.Kh. Makamov (PhD), Head of Laboratory;
I.S. Normatov, Junior Researcher; U.A. Boykobilov, Junior Researcher;
N.N. Khusenov (PhD), Head of Laboratory; Zh.K. Norbekov (PhD), Senior Researcher;
A.B. Mamazhanov, Junior Researcher; M. M. Kholmuradova, Junior Researcher;
A. S. Imamkhodzhaeva (PhD), Head of Laboratory, Z.T. Buriev, Director
Center of Genomics and Bioinformatics. Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan,
Tashkent, Uzbekistan, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Current research deals with the drought resisitance of 80 RIL (recombinant inbred lines) cotton samples of the Gossypium tomentosum × G. mustelinum hybrid. Tests were carried out under optimal and simulated drought conditions, and fiber length, fiber yield (%), and thousand-seed weight were assessed using stress indices and principal component analysis (PCA Biplot). Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between the control and stress conditions. Genetic differences between the RIL lines were also observed. Based on the STI, SSI, and TOL indices, the following lines: RIL-67 (STI_FL = 1.14; SSI_FL = –5.25; TOL_FL = –4.33), RIL-34 (STI_LP = 1.10; TOL_LP = –0.35), and RIL-25 (SSI_SW = –2.94; TOL_SW = –3.12) were assessed as highly drought-resistant. The RIL-46, RIL-48, and RIL-60 lines showed stable yield under all conditions, low TOL (≤ ±1.0), and moderate STI. In contrast, lines such as RIL-06 (STI_FL = 0.86; SSI_FL = 5.11; TOL_FL = 4.87), RIL-58 (STI_SW = 0.81; SSI_SW = 8.19; TOL_SW = 20.52), and RIL-13 (STI_LP = 0.96; TOL_LP = 1.45) had a high level of stress sensitivity with negative effects detected. Principal component analysis (PCA Biplot) was used to explain 58.5% of the total variance based on the first two components and allowed to combine the lines according to their yield and stress response. Based on the research results, examined RIL lines were divided into three groups against their response to drought: tolerant (RIL-67, RIL-34, RIL-25), stable (RIL-46, RIL-48, RIL-60), and sensitive (RIL-06, RIL-58, RIL-13). These lines could be selected as promising samples for breeding programs.
Keywords: Gossypium tomentosum, Gossypium mustelinum, RIL, control conditions, drought resistance, PCA Biplot, stress indices.

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UDC 633.63+631.82
DOI 10.36461/NP.2025.75.3.008

SOWING QUALITIES AND YIELD PROPERTIES OF SOYBEANS DEPENDING ON PRE-SOWING SEED TREATMENT WITH MICROBIOLOGICAL FERTILIZERS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION
Yu.V. Koryagin, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor;
V.V. Koshelyaev, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor;
N.V. Koryagina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor
I.P. Koshelyaeva, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia, tel. 8(8412) 62-83-73, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

This article presents the results of a study on the development of sowing qualities and yield properties of soybean seeds depending on pre-sowing treatment with microbiological fertilizers. The purpose of this study was to justify the use of pre-sowing treatment of soybean seeds through inoculation with microbiological fertilizers and to identify an inoculant that ensures high sowing qualities and yield properties under local soil and climatic conditions. The data presented indicate that pre-sowing treatment of seeds with microbiological preparations has an impact on the preservation and survival of plants. When evaluating various pre-sowing seed treatment options, it was found that a more stable agrocenosis formed in the variant where inoculation was carried out with a mixture of Azotovit (2 l/t) and Fosfatovit (2 l/t) microbiological fertilizers. As a result, it was found that pre-sowing treatment of soybean seeds with Azotovit and Fosfatovit microbiological fertilizers promotes the formation of offspring with a higher 1000-seed weight and germination energy by mother plants, but does not affect the yield properties of seeds. It was shown that when soybean seeds were inoculated with a mixture of Azotovit and Fosfatovit, a synergistic effect was observed, expressed in higher indicators of 1000-seed weight formation by mother plants, germination energy, and yield properties in the subsequent generation of seeds.
Keywords: variety, soybean, sowing qualities, yield properties, seeds, plant survival, plant preservation.

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UDC 631.452+631.445.41+631.8
DOI 10.36461/NP.2025.75.3.007

CHANGES IN THE FERTILITY OF MEADOW-CHERNOZEM SOIL UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE SOIL IMPROVER “POCHVOULUCHITEL” AND FERTILIZERS
I.S. Semenov, postgraduate student; E.N. Kuzin, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor;
A.N. Arefyev, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor;
E.E. Kuzina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor
Penza State Agrarian University, Penza, Russia, tel. 8(412) 62-85-65, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The aim of the research was to study the effect of various doses of the soil improver “Pochvouluchitel” and their combinations with mineral and organic fertilizers on the fertility of meadow-chernozem soil and the productivity of agricultural crops in the forest-steppe conditions of the Middle Volga region. Studies have shown that the use of the soil improver “Pochvouluchitel” and the recommended manure dose (8 t/ha of dry matter) provided enhanced reproduction of humus in the arable layer of meadow-chernozem soil. The humus content in the arable layer increased by 0.14-0.22% compared to the control in the winter wheat agrocenosis and by 0.22-0.29% in the corn agrocenosis. The most significant positive effect on the restoration of the water-resistant macrostructure of the soil was provided by the joint application of the soil improver “Pochvouluchitel” at the rates of 750 and 1000 l/ha with cattle manure. The content of water-resistant aggregates varied from 59.3 to 60.5% at the end of the research (2024). The increase in relation to the control variant was significant and amounted to 26.6-27.8%. The structural condition of these variants was assessed as good. The use of the soil improver “Pochvouluchitel” together with cattle manure had the highest effect on reduction of hydrolytic acidity. The concentration of hydrogen ions in the soil absorbing complex in these variants was lower than the initial value in 2024 by 0.10-0.20 mg-eq/100 g of soil. The deviation from the control variant was significant and ranged from 0.11 to 0.22 mg-eq/100 g of soil. The maximum total crop productivity of the crop rotation link was marked while using of the soil improver “Pochvouluchitel” at the rate of 750 and 1000 l/ha in combination with manure and complete mineral fertilizer.
Keywords: meadow-chernozem soil, soil improver “Pochvouluchitel”, fertilizer, humus, water-resistant aggregates, hydrolytic acidity, plant productivity.

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UDC 631.81.095.337+633.63
DOI 10.36461/NP.2025.75.3.005

COMPLEX MICRONUTRIENT FERTILIZERS AS A FACTOR IN REGULATING SUGAR BEET YIELDS
E.V. Zheryakov¹, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor,
S.A. Semina¹, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor,
S.M. Nadezhkin², Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, I.S. Zheryakov¹, Postgraduate
¹Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia e-mail This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
²Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Center of Vegetable Growing", Moscow

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of foliar application of micronutrient fertilizers on the yield formation of sugar beet genotypes in the forest-steppe conditions of the Middle Volga region (Penza Oblast). Under the forest-steppe conditions of the Middle Volga region, on leached, moderately deep, medium loamy chernozem, the effect of foliar fertilization with the microfertilizers – POLYDON BORON, POLYDON ZINC, POLYDON MOLYBDENUM, and POLYDON MANGANESE – on the yield of different sugar beet hybrids (RMS 121 (N type), Predator (E type), and BTS 590 (Z type)) was studied. The studies showed that micronutrients had the most significant effect on increasing root mass at the early stages of sugar beet development. The Z type hybrid showed the best response to additional micronutrient application throughout the growth period, while the E type hybrid showed the least increase. In decreasing order of influence on average daily weight gain of the root crop, the microfertilizers were as follows: POLYDON BORON, POLYDON MANGANESE, POLYDON MOLYBDENUM, and POLYDON ZINC. The maximum yield increase, regardless of the genetic characteristics of the hybrid, was observed with POLYDON BORON (6.96–7.13 t/ha) compared to the control without fertilizer, and the Z type hybrid was the most responsive to this fertilizer. The efficiency of POLYDON MANGANESE fertilizer was slightly lower, providing yield gains of 5.43 to 5.74 t/ha, which is 10.0–12.1% higher than the control.
Keywords: sugar beet, hybrids, micronutrient fertilizers, root crop weight, yield.

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