UDC 633.34; 631.8
DOI 10.36461/NP.2025.75.3.009

NET PRODUCTIVITY OF SOYBEAN PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND FORMATION DYNAMICS WITHIN HERBICIDES AND FERTILIZERS APPLICATION
M.A. Magomadov¹, Junior Researcher
M.Sh. Gaplaev¹, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences
A.Kh. Kozyrev², Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor
¹Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Chechen Research Institute of Agriculture”, Chechen Republic, Grozny
²Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “North Caucasus Institute of Scientifically Research of Mountain and Foothill Agriculture” – branch of the Federal Scientific Center “Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Mikhailovskoye village, tel.: 8 (918) 7050330, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Scientific interest in soybeans and their use in food, feed and industrial spheres is high nowadays because of their unique nutritional properties. The research deals with the development of new approaches to weed control for high-yielding soybean varieties. The objective of the current research was to identify the influence of mineral balance and various herbicides on the net photosynthetic productivity of soybean crops. Methods: research was carried out from 2022 to 2024 at Chechen Research Institute of Agriculture, located in the forest-steppe zone of the Central Ciscaucasia. The soils are represented by leached chernozem of medium thickness: humus content of 3.9%, available phosphorus of 76-80 mg/kg, exchangeable potassium of 88-91 mg/kg, and soil solution pH of 6.9. The objects of the research were soybean varieties Amadeus, SG SR Pikor, and Smuglyanka, as well as the herbicides Gambit, Hermes, and Bambu. Results: it was found that the highest rates of net photosynthetic productivity were in the initial stages of plant vegetation. Within the flowering phase and further development, when active formation of photosynthetic organs occurred, a gradual decrease in this indicator was observed. At the final stage of the vegetation cycle, a significant decrease in photosynthesis efficiency was noticed. With application of a mineral fertilizer P90 K60, the net productivity of soybean photosynthetic increased at all times of determination. Thus, against unfertilized variant Gambit-3.2 + Hermes-0.9, variety SG SR Pikor, it was 2.80 g/m²×day, and against a mineral fertilizer P90 K60 – 3.18 g/m²×day. Conclusion: herbicides application led to an increase in the net productivity of soybean photosynthetic. High NPV were observed at the beginning of the growing season with the maximum value within the budding-early flowering phase. With mineral fertilizer (P90 K60) application, NPV increased at all measurement times. Among the soybean varieties, the Smuglyanka variety demonstrated the highest NPV.
Keywords: soybeans, varieties, herbicides, mineral background, net photosynthetic productivity.

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UDC 633.63+631.82
DOI 10.36461/NP.2025.75.3.006

EVALUATION OF NEW PEA BREEDING LINES PRODUCTIVITY
V.V. Koshelyaev, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor; R.M. Bakaldin, postgraduate;
I.P. Koshelyaeva, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor;
O.M. Kasynkina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Penza State Agrarian University”, Penza, Russia, tel. 8(8412) 62-83-73, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

This article deals with the evaluation of new pea breeding lines. Current research is relevant because of less plant protein production. Peas, with a high protein content and an optimal amino acid balance, could help to solve that problem. The research is devoted to a comprehensive assessment of new pea lines productivity to identify the best varieties for further breeding. As a result, after evaluating the new lines across two generations, 19 lines were identified based on the number of beans per plant, forming from 8 to 9 beans; 18 lines – based on the number of seeds per plant, forming from 41 to 50 seeds; 15 lines – based on the number of seeds per plant, yielding between 6.5 and 8.5 g. The PP-104, PP-156, and PP-167 lines were observed as most valuable for breeding with high productivity. Selected most pea productive lines are intended to use in testing nurseries to develop new high-yielding pea varieties.
Keywords: pea breeding, productivity, beans, seeds, selection, lines.

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UDC 636.2.087.8
DOI 10.36461/NP.2025.75.3.004

CORRECTION OF KEY PARAMETERS OF RUMINAL DIGESTA IN HIGH-YIELDING COWS USING BUFFER ADDITIVES WITH PROBIOTIC YEAST
D. M. Fertikova, Postgraduate; E.M. Kislyakova, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Udmurt State Agricultural University",
Izhevsk, the Udmurt Republic, е-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Today, high milk productivity in cows can be achieved only by using large amounts of concentrated feed in their diets. The peak milking period is the most physiologically stressful time for the animals. The purpose of the study is to compare the effectiveness of using Saccharomycetes and Kluyveromyces yeast in buffer additives for cows. The research was conducted at "Voskhod" AO in the Sharkan district of the Udmurt Republic on Holstein cows. For the study, animals were selected into groups using the pair-analog method. During the study period, the organoleptic parameters of ruminal digesta indicated signs of subclinical ruminal acidosis in the cows. After 30 days of using buffer additives with probiotic yeast in the cows' diets, a positive outcome was observed: in the experimental groups, the consistency of the ruminal digesta was slightly viscous, and no animals had watery consistency. In the control group, the number of cows with watery consistency remained unchanged. A positive trend was also observed in terms of smell. The effectiveness of using buffer additives with probiotic yeast in cow diets as a preventive measure against ruminal acidosis is further confirmed by changes in the background indicators of ruminal digesta: stabilization of ruminal fluid acidity and an increase in the number of ciliates with preservation of their functional activity were observed. The best effect was achieved when a buffer additive with Kluyveromyces marxianus yeast was used. A significant (P ≥ 0.95) increase in the number of ciliates in the ruminal fluid was observed, by 199,000 per 1 ml, or 20.9%.
Keywords: ruminal digesta, acidosis, buffer additives, probiotics, yeast, prevention.

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Agronomy

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PCA BIPLOT AND STRESS INDICES FOR ANALYZING DROUGHT RESISTANCE OF INTERSPECIFIC RIL POPULATION
R.I. Mukhammadaliyev, Doctoral Student; A.Kh. Makamov (PhD), Head of Laboratory;
I.S. Normatov, Junior Researcher; U.A. Boykobilov, Junior Researcher;
N.N. Khusenov (PhD), Head of Laboratory; Zh.K. Norbekov (PhD), Senior Researcher;
A.B. Mamazhanov, Junior Researcher; M. M. Kholmuradova, Junior Researcher;
A. S. Imamkhodzhaeva (PhD), Head of Laboratory, Z.T. Buriev, Director
Center of Genomics and Bioinformatics. Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan,
Tashkent, Uzbekistan, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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EVALUATION OF NEW PEA BREEDING LINES PRODUCTIVITY
V.V. Koshelyaev, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor; R.M. Bakaldin, postgraduate;
I.P. Koshelyaeva, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor;
O.M. Kasynkina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Penza State Agrarian University”, Penza, Russia, tel. 8(8412) 62-83-73, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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NET PRODUCTIVITY OF SOYBEAN PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND FORMATION DYNAMICS WITHIN HERBICIDES AND FERTILIZERS APPLICATION
M.A. Magomadov¹, Junior Researcher
M.Sh. Gaplaev¹, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences
A.Kh. Kozyrev², Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor
¹Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Chechen Research Institute of Agriculture”, Chechen Republic, Grozny
²Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “North Caucasus Institute of Scientifically Research of Mountain and Foothill Agriculture” – branch of the Federal Scientific Center “Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Mikhailovskoye village, tel.: 8 (918) 7050330, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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COMPLEX MICRONUTRIENT FERTILIZERS AS A FACTOR IN REGULATING SUGAR BEET YIELDS
E.V. Zheryakov¹, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor,
S.A. Semina¹, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor,
S.M. Nadezhkin², Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, I.S. Zheryakov¹, Postgraduate
¹Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia e-mail This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
²Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Center of Vegetable Growing", Moscow

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CHANGES IN THE FERTILITY OF MEADOW-CHERNOZEM SOIL UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE SOIL IMPROVER “POCHVOULUCHITEL” AND FERTILIZERS
I.S. Semenov, postgraduate student; E.N. Kuzin, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor;
A.N. Arefyev, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor;
E.E. Kuzina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor
Penza State Agrarian University, Penza, Russia, tel. 8(412) 62-85-65, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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SOWING QUALITIES AND YIELD PROPERTIES OF SOYBEANS DEPENDING ON PRE-SOWING SEED TREATMENT WITH MICROBIOLOGICAL FERTILIZERS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION
Yu.V. Koryagin, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor;
V.V. Koshelyaev, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor;
N.V. Koryagina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor
I.P. Koshelyaeva, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia, tel. 8(8412) 62-83-73, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF GRAIN SORGHUM PRODUCTIVITY IN LIGHT CHESTNUT SOIL SUBZONE OF THE LOWER VOLGA REGION
M.I. Rokotyansky¹, postgraduate; A.N. Sarychev¹, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor;
O.V. Reznikova¹, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor;
S.N. Zhakova², Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor
¹Volgograd State Agricultural University Volgograd, Russia, tel. 8(8442) 41-12-22, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
²Perm State Agro-Technological University named after Academician D.N. Pryanishnikov Perm, Russia, tel. 8(342) 217-94-35, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF SAREPTA MUSTARD CULTIVATION DEPENDING ON SEEDING RATE
Yu. A. Prokhorova, postgraduate; V.A. Gushchina, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor;
S.N. Alekseeva, Candidate of Eonomic Sciences, Associate Professor
Penza State Agrarian University, Penza, Russia, tel. 8 (8412) 628 367, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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 INFLUENCE OF GROWTH REGULATORS ON PRODUCTIVITY AND GRAIN QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES
Shalygina A. A. Researcher at the Adaptive Landscape Agriculture Department of the North Caucasus Research Institute of Mountain and Foothill Agriculture – Branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science of the Federal Center
“Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences” 363110, North Ossetia-Alania, Mikhailovskoe village, E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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ASSESSMENT OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ECOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF GIANT MISCANTHUS
V.A. Gushchina, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor;
A.A. Volodkin, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor;
A.S. Lykova, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor;
N.I. Ostroborodova, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University",
Penza, Russia, tel. (8412) 628-367, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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FORECASTING WINTER WHEAT YIELD BASED ON AGROCLIMATIC CONDITIONS AND NDVI IN THE PENZA REGION
A.S. Shcherbakov, Senior Lecturer, S.V. Bogomazov, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor
“Penza State Agrarian University, Penza, Russia е–mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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PRODUCTIVITY OF SAREPTA MUSTARD DEPENDING ON SOWING DATES
O.D. Zanozina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Research Officer
"Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Centre
V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil crops",
Russia, Krasnodar, 89002988359, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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EFFECT OF FOLIAR TREATMENT WITH MICROFERTILIZERS ON CORN YIELD
S.A. Semina, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor;
I.V. Gavryushina, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor;
A.S. Paliychuk, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences
Penza State Agrarian University, Penza, Russia, tel. (8412)628-151, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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WINTER WHEAT PRODUCTIVITY WITH FOLIAR APPLICATION OF MICROFERTILIZERS AND RETARDANTS IN THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF THE VOLGA REGION
A.S. Shcherbakov, Postgraduate;
S.V. Bogomazov, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia, tel. +79004682721, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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Private animal husbandry, feeding, technologies of feed preparation and production of livestock products

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CORRECTION OF KEY PARAMETERS OF RUMINAL DIGESTA IN HIGH-YIELDING COWS USING BUFFER ADDITIVES WITH PROBIOTIC YEAST
D. M. Fertikova, Postgraduate; E.M. Kislyakova, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Udmurt State Agricultural University",
Izhevsk, the Udmurt Republic, е-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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EFFECT OF DIFFERENT TREATMENT METHODS AND STORAGE PERIODS OF HATCHING EGGS ON THE HATCHABILITY OF CHICKS
T.V. Shishkina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor,
N.V. Nikishova, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor,
T.A. Guseva, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor,
Yu.A. Borisov, undergraduate student, O.P. Tukanova, student
Penza State Agrarian University, Penza, Russia, tel. 8-(8412) 628-380
e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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 MILK YIELD DYNAMICS IN PUREBRED AND CROSSBRED COWS DURING THE PEAK MILKING PERIOD
I.R. Gazeev¹, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor
S.V. Karamaev², Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor
A.S. Karamaeva², Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor
¹Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Bashkir State Agrarian University", Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia, tel. 8-987-015-06-02, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
²Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Samara State Agrarian University", Kinel, Russia, tel. 8-927-651-88-54, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE OF DUCKS AND POULTRY PRODUCTIVITY AFTER ADDING BAROHYDROTHERMAL TREATED LUPINE IN THEIR DIET
Polyakova E.V.¹, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor,
Boryaev G.I.², Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Saraykin E.S.¹, postgraduate student,
Nosov A.V.¹, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor,
Balobanova N.P.², Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor
¹Penza State Agrarian University, Penza, Russia, Tel. 628-151, e-mail This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
²Moscow University of Finance and Industry "Synergy"

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Technologies, machinery and equipment for the agro-industrial co

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ANALYSIS OF PRESSURE CHANGES IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF HYDRAULIC UNITS USING AN ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL ADAPTER
N.I. Sergeev, postgraduate student; A.S. Ivanov, Candidate of Engineering Sciences, Associate Professor;
V.V. Lyandenbursky, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, Professor,
G.S. Tsiganov student, M.V. Bikmaev student
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia, tel. 8(8412) 65-82-42; е-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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A DEVICE FOR PROCESSING SMALL-CONTOUR MOUNTAIN SLOPE AREAS
L. R. Guluyeva, Research Associate
The North Caucasus Scientific Research Institute of Mining and Foothill Agriculture,
a branch of the Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
Mikhailovskoye village, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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THEORETICAL JUSTIFICATION OF SOME DESIGN PARAMETERS OF A COMBINED COULTER
A.N. Kalabushev, Candidate of Engineering Sciences,
V.V. Shumaev, Candidate of Engineering Sciences, Associate Professor
Penza State Agrarian University, Russia, tel. (8-8412) 62-85-79,
e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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RESEARCH RESULTS ON A MILKING MACHINE WITH TEAT CUPS FOR COMPRESSION-SQUEEZING STROKE
A.V. Yashin, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor; V.D. Badov, Senior Lecturer
Penza State Agrarian University, Penza, Russia
tel. +79273907570 e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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 Regional and sectoral economics (economic sciences)

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 IMPACT OF STATE SUPPORT ON RESULTS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
A.V. Nosov¹, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor;
O.A. Tagirova¹, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor;
M.Yu. Fedotova¹, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor;
O.A. Burmistrova², Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor;
E.S. Zontikova¹, Master's student
¹Penza State Agrarian University, Penza, Russia, tel. (8412) 628 563 e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
²Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Penza, Russia

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UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES IN AGRICULTURE: LEGAL, TAX AND ACCOUNTING ASPECTS
I.V. Pavlova, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor;
O.V. Lavrina, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor;
I.E. Shpagina, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor;
E.V. Shirokova, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor
Penza State Agrarian University, Penza, Russia, tel. 8 (412) 62-81-33, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.