UDC 633.31/.37; 631.81
DOI 10.36461/NP.2025.74.2.004

AGRO-ENERGY ASSESSMENT OF THE CULTIVATION OF PERENNIAL HERBACEOUS LEGUMES
Sh.M. Abasov¹, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Senior Research Officer,
M.Sh. Abasov¹, M.Sh. Gaplaev¹, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences,
A. Kh. Kozyrev², Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor,
L.Zh. Basieva³, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor
¹Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Chechen Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture", Grozny, the Chechen Republic, 8(967)9530111, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
²Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science "North Caucasus Research Institute of Hill and Foothill Agriculture", Branch of the Federal Research Center "Vladikavkaz Scientific Centre of the RAS", Mikhaylovskoye village, North Ossetia–Alania, 8(918)7050330, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
³Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Gorsky State Agrarian University", Vladikavkaz, North Ossetia-Alania, 8(919)4240128, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

An agroenergetic assessment of technological cultivation methods for perennial herbaceous legumes that ensure stable phytomass yields under the conditions of the Central Fore-Caucasus was carried out. The research objects were regionally adapted varieties of blue-hybrid alfalfa, red clover and Hungarian sainfoin cultivated in the North Caucasus region, as well as environmental factors limiting the process of symbiotic atmospheric nitrogen fixation. The results of the energy assessment carried out showed that the energy input was identical for all the crops studied and differed by 2.65-2.67 GJ/ha in terms of the cost of the second cut for the blue-hybrid alfalfa and red clover crops. When growing blue-hybrid alfalfa, an energy yield from 32.37 GJ/ha was achieved in the control variant to 38.08 GJ/ha in the variant with the most active symbiotic nitrogen fixation. The energy costs for hay and protein had the opposite pattern and decreased to 5.55 GJ/t hay and 32.27 MJ/kg protein. The cultivation of red clover gave an energy yield of 21.73...26.88 GJ/ha, with the amount of energy increasing with the improvement of plant nutrition. When all the factors investigated were optimized, 23.7 % more energy was obtained compared to the control. In the Hungarian sainfoin crop, the patterns were similar between the variants, but they had the worst energy indices among the crops studied. Thus, only 19.04...22.62 GJ/ha of energy were obtained at harvest, the cost price of hay in the best variant was 8.03 GJ/t, protein – 52.8 MJ/kg, making the fodder obtained the most expensive of the experiment.
Keywords: alfalfa, clover, sainfoin, macro- and micronutrients, rhizotorphin, energy efficiency.

Publication information View article

UDC 631.365.22
DOI 10.36461/NP.2025.74.2.010

TEST RESULTS OF THE IMPROVED AERODYNAMIC DEVICE FOR DRYING BULK MATERIAL
M.S. Volkhonov¹, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, R.M. Kovalenko¹, Postgraduate,
A.V. Khrameshin², Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor
¹Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Kostroma State Agricultural Academy", Kostroma, Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
²Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Udmurt State Agricultural University", Izhevsk, Russia

Under the climatic conditions of the non-chernozem zone of Russia, drying and active ventilation of almost all harvested grain is required. The use of aerodynamic dryers makes it possible to minimize damage to high-moisture grain. In order to reduce energy consumption and the dust content in the air of the working area, a system for recirculating the used drying agent has been developed. It has been found that the use of the developed system for recirculating the used drying agent makes it possible to increase the filtration rate through the grain by 3.08 ... 7.67%, to achieve a higher uniformity of agent distribution along the length of the drying chamber - the coefficient of variation decreases from 10.35 to 8.01%, which has a positive effect on the uniformity of drying and the stability of grain unloading. By using the recirculation system, the integral energy consumption is significantly reduced by 35.38 % from 7.8 to 5.04 MJ/kg of evaporated moisture. The operation of the mobile aerodynamic device for drying of bulk materials, equipped with the developed system of recirculation of the drying agent, is most effective in the mode of partial recirculation of the used drying agent. Opening 10-20% of the recirculation branch pipe of the valve – mixer compared to the drying agent change mode reduces the integral energy consumption by 18.84 ... 16,59 %.
Keywords: aerodynamic device, drying agent recirculation system, grain drying, air mixing.

Publication information View article

UDC 631.8: 633. 11
DOI 10.36461/NP.2025.74.2.003

EFFICIENCY OF WINTER WHEAT FOLIAR FERTILIZATION UNDER CONDITIONS OF FOOTHILL ZONE IN RNO-ALANIA
A. A. Shalygina, research fellow
North Caucasian Research Institute of Mountain and Piedmont Agriculture – the Affiliate of Vladikavkaz Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Science
North Ossetia-Alania, Mikhailovskoe village, 1 Williams Street. е-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

A lot of modern researches deals with foliar nutrient application. The use of biological fertilizers obtained from natural raw materials during the agricultural crops cultivation for foliar treatment of plants within the growing season is of particular importance. In the period 2022-2024, special researches were conducted to study the response of winter wheat varieties to foliar treatment, depending on the growth regulator and microfertilizers, on the productivity and quality of winter wheat seeds. The current research is aimed at studying: the growth and development characteristics of winter wheat varieties based on the fertilizers used; the effect of the growth regulator and microfertilizers on the photosynthetic activity of wheat crops; the effect of the fertilizers used on the yield and quality of winter wheat seeds; the economic assessment of the studied growth regulators and microfertilizers effectiveness during the winter wheat cultivation. The results of the current research showed that winter wheat crops treatment with a solution of the growth regulators Bigus and VR, and the microfertilizer Ultramag Kombi highly effected the crops structure, photosynthetic potential, assimilation surface of crops, photosynthesis productivity, dry biomass of plants, the yield, and quality of wheat seeds. According to the experimental variants, the yield was in the period of 4.46 to 4.87 t/ha, the yield with fertilizers increased with 0.52-0.93 t/ha or 13.2-23.6% for the Elanchik variety, for the Bagrat variety it was 4.53-4.98 t/ha, 0.57-1.02 t/ha, or 14.4-25.8%, which is more than the control. The most significant increase in yield – 1.02 t/ha relative to the control was in the joint treatment experimental variant with the growth regulator + microfertilizer for the Bagrat variety. With a maximum yield of 4.87 and 4.98 t/ha, pure income amounted to 41.05-42.81 thousand rubles for both varieties. Profitability amounted to 111.3-116.1%.
Keywords: winter wheat, growth regulator, microfertilizer, yield, protein, gluten, economic efficiency.

Publication information View article

UDC 634.13/14:631.524.85:631.211:793.2:752.2
DOI 10.36461/NP.2025.74.2.002

RESISTANCE OF PEAR AND QUINCE CLONAL ROOTSTOCKS TO BIOTIC FACTORS
I.V. Zatsepina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences,
Federal State Scientific Institution "I.V. Michurin Federal Scientific Center",
I.V. Michurin Breeding and Genetic Center,
Michurinsk, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Pears and quinces are fruits that are very often damaged by various diseases and pests. Diseases and pests cause great damage to fruit and berry, vegetable and ornamental plants. In order for agricultural plants to be tasty and fruitful, they must be healthy. The results of field observations made it possible to notify differences in pear and quince clonal rootstocks susceptibility to pests: pear gall aphid, cherry slimy sawfly, and green apple aphid. The researchers also classified the clonal rootstocks of pear and quince according to their resistance to the main pests. Pear clonal rootstocks PG 12 (k), PG 17-16, PG 2, PG 333 were not damaged by pear gall mite. Quince clonal rootstocks VA 29 (k) and Provanskaya showed high resistance to green apple aphid. Examined pear and quince clonal rootstocks have practical significance and can be recommended for further breeding programs.
Keywords: clonal rootstocks, pear, quince, pests.

Publication information View article