DOI 10.36461/NP.2024.71.3.016
UDC 633.111.1:57.03

EVALUATION OF THE ADAPTABILITY OF THE SOURCE MATERIAL OF SOFT WINTER WHEAT UNDER THE CONDITIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH OSSETIA–ALANIA
I. R. Manukyan¹, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor
Al-Azawi Nagam Majid Hamid², Professor
¹North Caucasus Research Institute of Hill and Foothill Agriculture – Branch of the Federal State Scientific Centre "Vladikavkaz Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Russia, E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.;
²Baghdad University, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Iraq, Baghdad, Al-Jadriya, E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The analysis of meteorological conditions in the autumn vegetation period of winter wheat indicates a climate warming and increasing aridity. Climatic aridification in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania is manifested by an autumnal lack of moisture in the soil and an increase in average daily air temperatures in the period corresponding to the recommended sowing dates for winter wheat. Soils based on pebbles and gravel have a leaching type of water regime, which additionally causes a lack of moisture.
The main purpose of the study is to identify promising collection samples of soft winter wheat with high productivity and adaptability indicators to use them for further breeding of varieties that suit the local soil and climate conditions. According to the results of the analysis, the soft winter wheat varieties with high overall adaptability, stress resistance and high productivity include: No T1 (var. graecum), Metsamori 16 (var. erytroleucum), No T3 (var. ferrugineum) and Naz (var. barbarossa). These samples can become sources of valuable economic traits and can be used in the breeding process.
Keywords: winter wheat varieties, climate aridification, breeding indices.

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DOI 10.36461/NP.2024.71.3.015
UDC 635.658:631.527

EVALUATION OF THE BREEDING VALUE OF LARGE-SEEDED LENTIL GENOTYPES USING CLUSTER ANALYSIS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF SARATOV REGION.
S.A. Guseva, Senior Research Officer
O.S. Nosko, Junior Research Officer
O.B. Kameneva, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Leading Research Of-ficer
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Rossorgo"; Russia, Saratov;
е-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it..

The paper presents the results of evaluation of the collection large-seeded lentil cultivars using cluster analysis in the conditions of the Saratov region. The application of this method promotes the grouping of the studied genotypes according to the set of traits required by the breeder according to the criterion of the greatest similarity. The evaluation of the model popula-tion studied showed low variability (< 10%) in the following traits: stem length, content of protein, ash, fiber and NFE in seeds, i.e. the varieties dif-fered little from each other in the above traits. The following traits: sprout-ing-full flowering, sprouting-full ripening, height of lower bean attachment, 1000-seed weight, fat content in seeds were characterised by medium varia-bility (10-20 %), and other studied traits were characterised by high variabil-ity (> 20 %): number of beans per plant, number of seeds per plant, seed weight per plant, seed yield.
As a result of cluster analysis, samples with high values of economical-ly important traits were identified: protein content (k-2806, k-2981, k-2886, k-3086, k-3083, k-3059, 2511, k-3052, Oktava); yield (k-3035, k-2844, k-2867, k-2843, k-3061, k-2985, k-3054, k-2850, k-3033, k-3034, k-2945, Nadezhda), plant height and level of lower bean attachment (k-2776, k-3030, k-2920, k-2910, Delta, Danaya). They are recommended to use them in fur-ther breeding work when developing varieties with different breeding meth-ods.
Keywords: lentils, collection, genotype, variation coefficient, cluster analysis, yield.

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DOI 10.36461/NP.2024.71.3.014
UDC 633.522+579.64

MICROBIOLOGICAL FERTILIZERS IN HEMP CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY
Gushchina V.A., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor
Sologub N.N., Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor
Sologub I.I., Postgraduate
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Pen-za State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia, tel. (8412)638367, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The global biologization of production and the focus on the use of renewa-ble raw materials is driving demand for technical crops, including cultured hemp. The interest in hemp products has necessitated the development of economically viable and environmentally sound hemp cultivation techniques. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to develop biologized elements in the technology of hemp cultivation that contribute to a stable seed yield in the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region. The research was carried out in the fields of the agricultural enter-prise OOO “Konopleks Penza” on leached chernozem in a two-factor field exper-iment in accordance with the existing methodological guidelines for field and veg-etation experiments with hemp in 2021-2023. The timing of the appearance of phenophases in hemp under the conditions of the Middle Volga forest-steppe de-pended to a greater extent on temperature and water regimes. Optimal conditions for seed formation prevailed with a length of the vegetation period of 115...121 days, with a sum of active temperatures of 2152.9...2371.7 °C and precipitation of 185.9...266.7 mm. On average over three years, the yield of hemp seeds from foliar treatment of plants in the phase of three pairs of true leaves was 0.99 t/ha, from seed inoculation – 0.91, from binary application of microbiological fertiliz-ers – 1.02 t/ha. The maximum yield (1.04 t/ha) was obtained with a combination of seed inoculation and foliar treatment of hemp in the phase of three pairs of true leaves with a mixture of biological preparations due to the stimulation of plant-microbial interactions.
Keywords: biologization of agriculture, cannabis sativa, plant-microbial in-teraction, microbiological fertilizer, seed yield, hydrothermal coefficient.

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DOI 10.36461/NP.2024.71.3.012
UDC 633.63 + (470.4)

INFLUENCE OF HARVEST DATES ON THE FORMATION OF SUGAR BEET ROOT YIELD IN THE FOREST-STEPPE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION
Kolesov A.E., Postgraduate, Bogomazov S.V., Candidate of Agricultural Scienc-es, Associate Professor,
Tkachuk O.A., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor, Shcher-bakov A.S., Postgraduate
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia, tel. 8-(8412)628-546, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of the harvest date on the yield and quality of sugar beet roots under the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region. The influence of the harvest date of sugar beet on the yield and sugar content of root crops, the sugar yield, was determined. The lowest root yields of 31.71-36.12 t/ha, sugar content – 17.60-17.92 %, sugar yield – 5.79-6.9 t/ha were observed when harvesting in the third decade of August. In the root crop harvest in the third decade of Sep-tember, the yield was 38.14-44.60 t/ha, the sugar content – 18.65-19.16 % and the sugar yield – 7.67-8.40 t/ha. In root crops, a high yield was observed at the beginning of the harvest in the third decade of October - 48.67-51.92 t/ha, the sugar content of root crops was 18.37-18.83 %, the sugar yield - 9.29-9.94 t/ha. An early harvest of sugar beet shortens the vegetation period by 30-40 days, which reduces the yield by 17.39-32.91 % and the sugar yield by 28.34-53.9 %.
The application of the mouldboard tillage system for sugar beet helped to increase the yield at harvest time of sugar beet roots on average by 5.18-14.48 %, the sugar content of root crops by 0.30-0.39 % and the sugar yield by 0.96-8.12 %, compared to the non-mouldboard tillage and minimum shallow tillage.
The application of the stubble destructor Effect Bio contributed to a slight increase in the sugar content of root crops – 0.03-0.15 %, and in the experi-mental variants this indicator was 18.35-18.54 %, which led to an increase in sugar yield by 0.01-0.04 t/ha.
Keywords: sugar beet, tillage system, stubble destructor, yield, sugar con-tent.

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