UDC 636.083.143+631.879.4
DOI 10.36461/NP.2025.76.4.015

EFFECT OF COMPOST AS A BEDDING MATERIAL ON POULTRY FARMING
¹A.N. Bastrakov, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Researcher,
²D.Yu. Ilyin, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor,
³I.V. Sokolov, Chief Executive Officer, ²G.V. Ilyina, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor,
²A.I. Zyabirov, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, ²M.L. Ilyina, Student
¹A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
²Penza State Agrarian University, Penza, Russia, tel. (8412)628-151, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
³Biogenesis LLC

The poultry farming in Russia makes a significant contribution to ensuring the country's food security. Floored housed broiler breeding predominates in meat poultry farming, so this research is aimed at developing sustainable bedding materials. Composts are of great importance being the bioconversion of solid livestock or organic waste. Current research was carried out to study the microbiological and physicochemical properties of the “Biogenesis” compost in order to assess its compositions with coniferous wood shavings as essential bedding material for turkeys.
The “Biogenesis” compost is the processing of organic waste by the larvae of the fly Hermetia illucens. Properties of the “Biogenesis” compost, its compositions with coniferous wood shavings, and the granulated compost were examined. Microbiological evaluation revealed no pathogenic microflora, indicating the safety. Microbial counts ranged from 1.1×105 to 3.6×108 cells/ml, with the highest values determined for the compost without wood shavings and the lowest for the granulated compost. The granulated compost is characterized by minimal moisture capacity, while the compost composition with coniferous wood shavings in a 1:2 ratio had the highest. The highest ammonia sorption capacity per unit mass was observed for the compost composition with coniferous wood shavings in a ratio of 1:2, the lowest – for the granulated compost (the mass fraction of ammonia after saturation increased by 9.25 times, 7.75 times and 2.14 times, respectively).
Based on the data obtained, it is possible to recommend the compost in combination with coniferous wood shavings, thereby reducing the volume of sawdust used in production.
Keywords: poultry farming, floored housed poultry farming, poultry waste, compost, veterinary sanitation.

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UDC 636.084.42
DOI 10.36461/NP.2025.76.4.008

EFFECT OF DRIED BLOOD DIET ON PIG-BREEDING AND HOG PRODUCTION
E.N. Pravdina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor,
D.V. Vinogradov, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor,
E.A. Kuvshinova, Head of Pig-Breeding department
Ryazan State Agrotechnological University Named After P.A. Kostychev, Russia
Ryazan, Russia, tel. 8(4912)35-35-01, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
AgrofeedRus LLC, Tula Region, Russia, tel. 8(905)819-16-23, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The problem of enriching feed diets with high-quality protein could be effectively solved by using dried blood meal, in particular dried pig blood. Current research is aimed at studying high-protein meals from dried pig blood in piglets’ diets as a source for their better and intense growth. Fresh stabilized or defibrinated blood and its fractions were used for drying, which have to be processed as soon as after being collected, but no later than two hours after collection with the stored temperature below 15°C. A spray (blood and blood products) operating unit with the air compressor and straight jet spray nozzles was used to prepare the dried blood. Spray-drying resulted in production of dried blood meal, which is highly soluble and efficient for various purposes. For the research, a feedstuff diet with dried blood meal was developed. Eight groups of 28-day-old piglets of different genotypes, each containing 30 animals, were formed using the balanced group method. The piglets in the experimental groups were fed usual diet and 200 g of dried pig blood. It was noted that dried blood in the diet of piglets positively affected physiological condition of the animals and their growth rate.
Keywords: dried blood, protein nutrition, growth, pigs, weaned piglets.

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UDC 633.63+631.82
DOI 10.36461/NP.2025.76.4.005

FORMATION OF SPRING SOFT WHEAT AGROCENOSIS WITH VARIOUS CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGIES
V.V. Koshelyaev, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor; M.I. Gabaev, Postgraduate,
I.P. Koshelyaeva, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor,
O.N. Kukharev, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, Professor
Penza State Agrarian University, Penza, Russia,
tel. 8(8412) 62-83-73, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

This article deals with development of agrocenosis productivity in spring soft wheat varieties. Current research is aimed at examining the spects of agrocenosis productivity and the reliable cultivation technology to obtain high dry matter synthesis. The article points out plant safety, survival, and the growing season, depending on the cultivation technologies applied. It was noted that mineral fertilizers application at sowing had no effect on germination rates. Regardless of the technology used, high plant survival was observed. Plant mortality during the growing season ranged from 2% to 6%. It was recorded that, with a 95% probability, plant survival is independent of the chosen cultivation technology. As a result, the spring soft wheat varieties (Arhat, Ekada 253, Ekada 279, Ekada 282, Pandora, and Sensei) form a productive agrocenosis with intensive technologies, including: common methods of pre-sowing soil cultivation; complete plant protection: seed treatment (Vial Trio – 10 l/t), treatment with a herbicide + fungicide mixture (Balerina Super, SE – 0.5 l/ha + Kolosal PRO, KME – 0.4 l/ha), and treatment with a fungicide + insecticide mixture (Kolosal PRO, KME – 0.4 l/ha + Borey, SK – 0.1 l/ha); mineral fertilizers application according to N16 P16 K16 at sowing + N68 as a top-dressing. This technology provides more comfortable conditions for plant growth and development, which prolongs the growing season and photosynthetic activity to obtain extra dry matter synthesis.
Keywords: wheat, germination, seeds, plant safety, plant stability, dry matter.

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UDC 633.174: 631.8
DOI 10.36461/NP.2025.76.4.022

DURATION OF THE VEGETATION PERIOD AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC PARAMETERS OF SORGHUM DEPENDING ON THE APPLICATION OF FERTILIZERS AND HERBICIDES IN THE DRY STEPPE VOLGA REGION
K. A. Pronudin, Research Officer, A. N. Astashov, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Chief Researcher,
V. S. Budarina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Senior Research Officer, A. A. Safronov, Research Officer
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Russian Research and Design Technological Institute
of Sorghum and Maize", Saratov, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

A relevant area of research is the development of new approaches to increase the productivity of grain sorghum. The field test conducted was focused on analyzing abiotic factors and growing conditions affecting the progression of development stages and the formation of net photosynthetic productivity in grain sorghum. The experimental work was conducted from 2021 to 2023 at the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution RosNIISK "Rossorgo". The results show that the use of the studied preparations increased the duration of the vegetation period in the studied varieties. For the Avans variety, the index ranged from 96 to 101 days, with the maximum value of 101 days observed when NPK was applied at sowing and treated with the Aminopelik herbicide. A similar trend was observed in the Granat variety – 103 days with herbicide application, and 101 days when mineral fertilizer was used with the herbicide. Analysis of the leaf surface area showed that growth-stimulating preparations and fertilizers positively affected this parameter. When mineral fertilizers were used together with growth-stimulating preparations (NPK (500 kg/ha) + Reasil micro–Hydro Mix (3 l/ha) + Reasil Forte Carb-N-Humic (4 l/ha), the largest formation of leaf surface area was observed in the studied varieties: Avans variety – 31.24 thousand m²/ha, Granat variety – 28.4 thousand m²/ha. The use of the herbicide led to a decrease in the leaf surface area of sorghum plants: Avans variety – 25.98 thousand m²/ha, Granat variety – 23.27 thousand m²/ha. The photosynthetic activity of the plants also varied significantly depending on the agricultural techniques used. When NPK mineral fertilizer (500 kg/ha) and the growth-stimulating preparations (Reasil micro–Hydro Mix + Reasil Forte Carb-N-Humic) were applied, the maximum values of photosynthetic potential were observed: Avans variety – 1.29 thousand m²·day/ha, Granat variety – 1.17 thousand m²·day/ha. Overall, the research results demonstrate the high efficiency of the integrated use of agrochemical preparations.
Keywords: agrochemicals, grain sorghum, vegetation period, plant biomass, photosynthetic potential, net photosynthetic productivity.

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