UDC 631/3
DOI 10.36461/NP.2025.76.4.020

ADVENCED TECHNOLOGIES AND FERTILIZERS CAS FOR INTENSIVE CULTIVATION OF SPRING DURUM WHEAT
V.A. Milyutkin¹, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor; O.N. Kukharev², Doctor of Technical Sciences, Profes-sor; S.N. Nemtsev³, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences; O.A. Blinova¹, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor; G.V. Knurova¹, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Research Fellow
¹Samara State Agrarian University, Kinel, Russia, tel. 8-927-264-41-88, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.;
²Penza State Agrarian University, Penza, Russia;
³Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University named after P. A. Stolypin, Ulyanovsk, Russia

In the Russian Federation spring and winter durum wheat cultivation is increasing due to its demand and profitability. In particular, the Samara varieties of spring durum wheat, bred by Doctor of Agricultural Sciences P.N. Malchikov, are well-known and cultivated not only in the Volga region, but also far beyond. To increase the productivity and quality of durum wheat, Samara State Agrarian University and Penza State Agrarian University carried out the following research with various technologies, including the application of both traditional mineral fertilizers – nitrogen (CAS-32, carbomide, ammonium nitrate), and innovative mineral fertilizers such as liquid nitrogen-containing – CAS+S, and granulated – ammonium sulfate nitrate, carbomide+S from KuibyshevAzot. These fertilizers, with equivalent nitrogen content, in combination with the sulfur mesonutrient, which is deficient in soil, provided an increase in yield up to 12-58% in different years and improved grain quality, depending on the fertilizer and application technology. Innovative liquid nitrogen fertilizers CAS-32 and CAS+S require specialized technologies and equipment for their effective application, and the multifunctional, agrochemical, modular, and innovative Tuman complex from Pegas-Agro LLC (Samara) is the best choice. The CAS-32 and CAS+S liquid fertilizers are possible to apply successfully in agriculture only with a balanced system of logistics equipment (storage, transportation, and distribution) and efficient fertilizer application, which Samara-based machinery and equipment can fully ensure. The long-term research, carried out at Samara State Agrarian University with Samara fertilizers and innovative technologies, made it possible to develop an effective technology for the fractional application of liquid fertilizers to agricultural crops in the agro-industrial complex.
Keywords: wheat, durum, cultivation, technology, fertilizer, nitrogen-sulfur-containing, liquid, application, equipment, yield, quality.

Publication information View article

UDC 636.2.034
DOI 10.36461/NP.2025.76.4.019

MILK PRODUCTIVITY AND REPRODUCTIVE CAPACITY OF HOLSTEIN CATTLE OF DIFFERENT ORIGIN
V.V. Lyashenko, Doctor of Agriculture Sciences, Professor,
I.V. Kaeshova, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor,
A.V. Gubina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor,
N.Yu. Chupsheva, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Dairy farming is one of the key sectors of animal husbandry, addressing food security challenges in Russia. Dairy farms and complexes, innovative technologies, and productive and breeding qualities of animals were improved in recent years. Breeding of stud bulls to ensure a highly productive herd for each individual farm is of great importance nowadays.
This article deals with the research on the impact of Holstein breeding lines and stud bulls on the productivity of cows after the third lactation period. The research was carried out on a modern dairy farm with loose housing and milking on high-capacity milking machines. The total number of cows in the breeding herd was 5,799 with a milk yield per cow in 2024 of 12,333 kg. Herd management was carried out in accordance with the breeding plan. Animal productivity was evaluated with the DairyComp software.
The Vis Back Ideal 933122 and Reflection Sovereign 198998 lines were evaluated. From each line four stud bulls with breed of no less than 12-48 daughters were selected. Cows' milk productivity and reproductive capacity were assessed.
The research results revealed no significant differences in the main indicators of milk productivity, while the Vis Back Ideal 933122 line were better in calving per year from 100 cows and the duration of the service period. Differences in productive qualities of the daughters of stud bulls were more significant.
To sum up, it should be noted that the farm has organized high-quality breeding management to select stud bulls for improving the breeding herd.
Keywords: milk productivity, Holstein breed, cows, line, stud bulls, lactation, reproductive capacity.

Publication information View article

UDC 636.083.14+579.62
DOI 10.36461/NP.2025.76.4.017

EFFECT OF DIHYDRATE PHOSPHOGYPSUM (APAGYPSUM) USE ON DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING
V.A. Zdorovinin, Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, Professor;
A.V. Ostapchuk, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor;
L.L. Oshkina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia, tel. (8412)628-151, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

This article deals with the effect of dihydrate phosphogypsum (Apagypsum) as bedding for cattle on quality indicators of milk and microbial contamination of animals’ skin near carpal and tarsal joints, hooves and udder.
Current research was carried out at the Ramzai Experimental Farm with laboratory testing in the Penza Regional Veterinary Laboratory. Skin swabs in the areas near carpal and tarsal joints, udder, and hooves were taken on the 1st, 16th, and 29th days of the experiment.
The microbiological results of skin and hoof swabs in the control and experimental groups varied greatly during the experiment.
Staphylococci and coliform bacteria were detected in all swab samples in both the experimental and control groups. Streptococci were not detected in animals from either the experimental or control groups at baseline and on the 16th day of the experiment. On the 29th day of the experiment, streptococci were found in all samples.
Laboratory tests of the raw milk samples taken before and within the experiment did not reveal any excess of the maximum permissible values for this type of product.
Salmonella bacteria were not detected in 25 grams of the raw milk samples within the experiment in either the control or experimental groups of cows. The results showed that the experimental group experienced a more than sevenfold reduction in microbial counts in milk compared to the control group.
It was observed on the microbiological results of bedding that in all samples based on dihydrate phosphogypsum, the values of microbiological indicators were almost identical.
Keywords: dairy cattle, bedding, phosphogypsum, hygiene in animal husbandry, milk microflora, bacterial contamination.

Publication information View article

UDC 631.372:629.114.2
DOI 10.36461/NP.2025.76.4.012

LIQUID OR “BULK” CARGO TRANSPORTATION BY VEHICLES ON SURFACES WITH LONGITUDINAL SLOPE
S. V. Shchitov, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor,
Z. F. Krivutsa, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor,
E. S. Polikutina, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor,
A. A. Kovshun, postgraduate, V. A. Shchitova, student
Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Blagoveshchensk, Russia, tel. 89146076608, e–mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Current article deals with increasing of the lateral stability of transport units used to transport liquid or bulk cargo when the container is not completely full. Cargo transportation in this case has specific challenges when vehicles are moving on surfaces with the longitudinal slope. It happens because while transporting liquid or bulk cargo, the load's center of gravity changes, and the result is the overturning moment. It was found that the tanker's fill level effects on the shift in the center of gravity of liquid cargo at various vehicle tilt angles. Increasing the maximum vehicle tilt angle to 20° leads to a shift in the center of gravity of liquid cargo of up to 0.1 m at a tanker fill level of 40%. As the tanker's fill level increases in the examined range, the shift in the center of gravity of liquid cargo decreases by 25%, which leads to an increase of vehicle lateral stability. Increasing the tank's fill level by 35% reduces the liquid cargo's center of gravity by 18%, and makes it possible to ensure reliable vehicle lateral stability even when the maximum vehicle tilt angles increase by 12%. The research results allow to predict the lateral stability of a vehicle in the case of incomplete filling of a container carrying liquid cargo during curvilinear movement from the maximum longitudinal slope.
Keywords: vehicle, slope angle, liquid cargo, lateral stability, overturning moment

Publication information View article