DOI 10.36461/NP.2024.70.2.008
UDC 633.63+631.82

PROTEIN CONTENT IN PEA GRAINS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF FOLIAR FEEDING ON DIFFERENT BACKGROUNDS OF MINERAL NUTRITION
V.V. Koshelyaev, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor;
I.P. Koshelyaeva, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Russia, tel. 8(8412) 62-83-73, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract. This article presents the results of the investigation of the effects of foliar fertilization with different mineral nutrients on the protein content of pea grains. The effect of weather conditions on protein formation in pea grains has been investigated. The peculiarities of expression of the relative and absolute values of the protein content depending on the level of mineral supply and foliar fertilization are shown. Indicators to characterize the protein yield per unit area are given. The purpose of the study is to determine the optimal combination of technological methods of root and foliar nutrition that contributes to the formation of grains with high protein content at a yield that provides maximum protein yield per unit area. As a result, it was found that the optimal combination of root and foliar nutrition factors is formed when applying mineral fertilizers in the amount of N16P16K16 with subsequent treatment of the crops with the preparation Biostim Universal in the amount of 2.0 l/ha in the phases of stem formation and budding. This variant had the highest grain yield (3.4 t/ha) with a relative protein content in the grain of 29.5 %, which resulted in the highest protein yield per unit area – 1.0 t/ha.
Keywords: peas, foliar feeding, mineral nutrition, protein yield, development phases, yield.

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DOI 10.36461/NP.2024.70.2.006
UDC 631.452+631.445.25+552.581+631.86

CHANGES IN THE FERTILITY OF GRAY FOREST SOIL WHEN USING SILICON-CONTAINING ROCK AND TURKEY MANURE
D.A. Lyulin, postgraduate student; A.N. Arefyev, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor; E.N. Kuzin, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor; E.E. Kuzina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor
Penza State Agrarian University, Penza, Russia, tel. 8(412) 62-85-65, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The aim of the research was to study the effect of silicon-containing rock (diatomite) from 4 to 10 t/ha in combination with two-fold application of litter turkey manure on the fertility of gray forest soil. Исследованиями установлено, что наиболее существенное влияние на накопление гумуса в пахотном слое серой лесной почвы оказало использование кремнийсодержащей породы (диатомит) в комплексе с подстилочным индюшиным пометом. The humus content in the arable layer while using that combination in 2022 varied from 4.10 to 4.17%, in 2023 – from 4.07 to 4.14%, exceeding the initial values in the agrocenosis of winter wheat by 0.20-0.25%, in the agrocenosis of corn by 0.17-0.22%. The usage of silicon-containing rock (diatomite) together with turkey litter increased the number of water-resistant structural aggregates in the arable layer of gray forest soil in relation to the initial one by 12.3–16.9% in 2022, and by 11.0-15.9% in 2023. The increase in relation to the control variant was significant and amounted to 12.5-16.8% in the agrocenosis of winter wheat, to 11.7–16.3% in the agrocenosis of corn. The highest effect on deoxidation of the arable layer of gray forest soil was provided by the integrated use of silicon-containing rock (diatomite) with turkey litter. In the agrocenosis of winter wheat in 2022, the pH of sol in these variants exceeded the initial values by 0.9-1.3 and in 2023 – by 0.7-1.2 units.
Keywords: silicon-containing rock, turkey droppings, gray forest soil, humus, water-stable aggregates, exchange acidity.

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DOI 10.36461/NP.2024.70.2.005
UDC 633.152:631.527

ASSESSMENT OF CORRELATION AND REGRESSION OF ECONOMICALLY USEFUL CHARACTERISTICS OF SWEET CORN
S.A.Guseva, Senior Researcher at the Department of Corn and Leguminous Crops, ROSNIISK Rossorgo; 4, 4th Institutsky Ave., Saratov, Russian Federation; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
O.S.Nosko, Junior Researcher at the Department of Corn and Leguminous Crops, ROSNIISK Rossorgo; 4, 4th Institutsky Ave., Saratov, Russian Federation; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The article presents the results of studying the correlation and regression analysis of the elements of the cob structure, plant height and the height of attachment of the cob of sweet corn varieties. Sowing, measurements and accounting were carried out at the experimental field of ROSNIISK Rossorgo in 2021-2023 using generally accepted methods. According to statistical calculations, among the studied characteristics, high variability (V > 20%) over three years of experience was revealed in such characteristics as "the amount of kernels on the cob" and "the height of the attachment of the cob"; low variability (V < 10%) – in "cob kernel content" and "diameter of the cob", the remaining characteristics had an average variability.
Significant high correlation coefficients (r > 70%) were found between the following characteristics: the number of kernels on a cob and the length of the kernel containing part, the diameter of the cob, the number of kernels on the cob; plant height and the height of the attachment of the cob; the length of the cob and the length of the kernel containing part; the number of kernels in a row and the length of the kernel containing part of the cob, as well as the number of kernels in a row. The average variability of one characteristic from variation of another was revealed. It can also be concluded that many economically valuable quantitative characteristics are more or less interconnected with each other and a change in one characteristic entails a change in another.
Keywords: sweet corn, correlation, conjugacy, regression analysis, cob structure elements, feature, number of kernels on the cob.

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DOI 10.36461/NP.2024.70.2.003
UDC 633.51: 575.826

INVESTIGATION OF THE SEED GERMINATION PARAMETERS AND MORPHOLOGY OF COTTON UNDER MODELED SALT STRESS CONDITIONS
V.S. Kamburova¹, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Head of Laboratory; I.B. Salakhutdinov¹, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Head of Laboratory; Bazarov D.K.^1,2, Junior Research Associate; Sh.Kh. Mamatkulova1, Junior Research Associate; O.L. Isomiddinova¹, Junior Research Associate;
E.A. Latypova³, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor
¹Center of Genomics and Bioinformatics of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, tel. +998 99 846-41-02, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
²Digital Technologies and Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
³Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia, tel. 8 (9680) 32-19-80, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract. Soil salinization is a serious adverse environmental stress that severely limits the growth and development of plants and affects crop yields. The creation of salt-tolerant crop varieties using classical and molecular genetics methods, as well as the study, identification and understanding of the mechanisms of salt tolerance, open up wide-ranging opportunities in attempts to control this trait in plants. The article presents the results of the study of the germination parameters of cotton seeds and the morphology of the vegetative organs of the plants under modeled salt stress. The research subjects were varieties and lines of medium-fiber cotton of classical genetics and biotechnological gene knockout varieties of the Porlock series. The analysis of the results of the seed germination parameters: germination, mean germination time, germination index showed that the biotechnological gene knockout variety Porlock-4 was the most resistant to salinization (NaCl concentration 50, 100, 150 and 200 mM) and the line of classical selection Coker-312 was the least resistant. The investigations of the morphological parameters showed that an increase in the NaCl concentration up to 100 mM leads to a slowdown in root and shoot growth and an increase in biomass in both genotypes. However, the negative effect of NaCl was less pronounced in the biotechnological variety Porlock-4 than in the salt-sensitive line Coker-312.
Keywords: cotton, salt stress, tolerance, germination parameters, morphological parameters.

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