UDC 633.15+631.82
DOI 10.36461/NP.2023.66.2.010
FORMATION OF CORN YIELD AND GRAIN QUALITY DEPENDING ON CULTIVATION TECHNIQUES
S.A. Semina, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor; O.N. Kukharev, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor; I.V. Gavryushina, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor; A.S. Paliychuk, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
The article presents the results of studies on the formation of yield and grain quality of corn in relation to environmental factors such as plant density and the level of mineral nutrition. A decrease in grain weight per cob was observed with increasing stand density of corn plants, especially with increasing density of 80 to 100 ths.pcs./ha. Transfer of part of nitrogen in top dressing and application of N120P90K60 promoted grain weight growth per cob by 37.0-38.0%, in the same varieties. Higher grain yields were obtained in variants with nitrogen fertilization and fertilization at the rate of N120P90K60, in addition, 1.73-1.74 t/ha of grain or 46.2-46.6% to the control was obtained. In these variants, an increase in grain yield was observed up to an overcrowding of 80 ths.pcs/ha, and when plant density was further increased, productivity decreased by 3.8 and 9.7 %. The highest protein content was observed in crops obtained in variants with nitrogen fertilization. With increasing overcrowding of crops, an increase in the mass percentage of protein and crude fiber was observed, but there was a clear pattern of decrease in crude fat content. The energy supply of the grain did not change depending on the plant density and the level of mineral nutrition.
Keywords: corn, grain, fertilizers, density, yield, protein, fat, metabolizable energy.
