UDC: 636.2.034:636.234.1:636.082.25
DOI 10.36461/NP.2023.65.1.017

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF HOLSTEIN COWS ON MILK PRODUCTIVITY OF MOTHERS AND THEIR DAUGHTERS
V.V. Lyashenko, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor; A.V. Gubina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor; I.V. Kaeshova, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences; N.Yu. Chupsheva, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Teacher
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia, tel. 8(8412) 62-81-51, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

In the intensification of dairy cattle breeding, the improvement of the productive and breeding qualities of the cows in the dairy herd through the formation of breeding stock by replacement heifers from high-priced sires and dams is of great importance. The results of published scientific studies on the effects of dams on daughter productivity are contradictory and need to be studied on a herd-specific basis. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the milk productivity of dams and their daughters. The research was carried out under the conditions of a modern dairy complex on a herd of Holstein cows. Dams with a completed sixth lactation and their daughters with a first, second or third completed lactation with different levels of milk production were evaluated. The results of the comparative evaluation of the milk productivity of mother cows and their daughters for the first three lactations show higher values for the daughters. For the first lactation, daughters had 17% higher milk yield than their mothers (р < 0.001), 10.6% higher for the second lactation, and 34.7% higher for the third one (р < 0.001). The mass fraction of fat in the milk of the daughters exceeded that of the dams by 0.2-0.08% in each of the first, second, and third lactations, and by mass fraction of protein in the milk, the daughters significantly (р < 0.01-р < 0.001) exceeded their mothers by 0.3-0.06 % in all contiguous lactations. It should be noted that mothers weakly transmit their qualities to daughters in terms of milk yield (h2 = 0.24-0.26) and mass fraction of protein in milk (h2 = 0.28-0.3), while in terms of mass fraction of fat in milk a high coefficient of inheritance was found in the second and third lactations (h2 = 0.56-0.62). Thus, it can be seen that the daughters are superior to their mothers in milk productivity in the compared lactations.
Keywords: Holstein breed, milk productivity, mothers, daughters, lactation, heritability of traits.

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UDC 636.4
DOI 10.36461/NP.2023.65.1.006

EFFECT OF AN ENZYME PREPARATION WITH PHYTASE ACTIVITY ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF YOUNG FATTENING PIGS
L.R. Mikhailova, assistant; A.Yu. Lavrentiev, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Chuvash State Agrarian University", Cheboksary, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The rational organisation of feeding has always been one of the critical factors in achieving high animal productivity. In domestic pig farming, the priority is to reduce costs by increasing the digestibility of nutrients in the feed and improving the availability of digested nutrients. One of the most important thing needed for this task is the inclusion of enzyme preparations in the compound feed. They are essential in the animal body to increase the digestibility of nutrients in the feed. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of the enzyme preparation Fidbest P5000 GT as part of compound feed on the growth, development and feed consump-tion of young fattening pigs. To achieve this purpose, a scientific and economic experiment was carried out. The studies were performed on young pigs of the large white breed between 60 and 210 days of age. Four groups of 12 animal units each were formed according to the principle of analogous groups. Pigs in all groups were kept under the same feeding and housing conditions. To determine the effect of the tested enzyme preparation on the growth and development of the experimental animals, they were weighed and measured every 30 days, taking into account the consumption of the compound feed and its residues the next day. The use of the enzyme prep-aration Fidbest P5000 GT as part of compound feed for young fattening pigs contributes to the growth, devel-opment and reduction of feed costs per unit of production of young pigs. The use of the enzyme preparation Fidbest P5000 GT in compound feeds made it possible to increase the average daily gain in live weight of young pigs by 4.8%, 9.3% and 6.8%, and to achieve a reduction in feed costs by 4.7%, 8.6% and 6.5%, respectively, compared to the young pigs in the control group. The best indicators were in the second experimental group, in which the studied enzyme preparation was added in the amount of 90 g/t to the composition of the compound feed.
Keywords: enzyme, phytase, compound feed, live weight, body composition indices, feed consumption, young pigs.

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UDC 636.2.082.25:636.237.21
DOI 10.36461/NP.2023.65.1.009

THE INFLUENCE OF STUD BULLS ON THE ECONOMICALLY USEFUL SIGNS OF DAUGHTERS
T.V. Shishkina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor; E.A. Zykina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences; N.V. Nikishova, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor; T.A. Guseva, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia, vol. 8(8412) 628380, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Studies on the evaluation of stud bulls by the quality of offspring were carried out on purebred animals of the Holstein breed in the conditions of the dairy complex of OOO "Pachelma farm" OP "Serdobskoye". The daughters of the three bulls Lotto, Gotham and Wormont were subject to evaluation. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that the animals of all the evaluatedstud bulls have a high assessment of the exterior and meet the breed standard by physique type. The obtained results indicate the absence of a reliable influence of stud bulls on the reproductive properties of heifers and live weight indicators. A significant difference was noted only in the size of the live weight of the Wormont daughters, in comparison with the live weight of the daughters of other bulls. As a result of the use of sexed semen in the group of heifers born from the Gotham daughters, there were more than from the Lotto and the Wormont daughters, respectively, by 6 and 11%. The higher yield of heifers was observed in the Lotto daughters (80%), and the lowest in the Wormont daughters. The Lotto and the Gotham daughters had 10.9% more of an average yield of heifers than the Wormont daughters. The daughters of all bulls have a decrease in the milk yield for the third lactation in relation to the first lactation. The Lotto daughters reduced milk yield by 539.2 kg or 4.88%, the Gotham daughters – by 518.4 kg or 4.7%. The Wormont daughters – by 252.6 kg or 2.7%. Animals in the second lactation exceeded cows in milk yield for the third lactation. This superiority was 3024.1 kg or 22.3% in the Lotto daughters, 2900.6 kg or 21.6% in the Gotham daughters, 80 kg or 0.89% in the Wormont daughters. In general, the Lotto daughters are the best in terms of milk productivity.
Keywords: stud bulls, Holstein breed, milk productivity.

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UDC 636.084.415
DOI 10.36461/NP.2023.65.1.002

COMPLEX FUNCTIONAL ADDITIVES AND THEIR EFFECT ON CALF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
М.S. Upinin, post-graduate student; А.Y. Lavrentiev, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Chuvash State Agrarian University", Cheboksary, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The production security of dairy farms is directly dependent on the breeding of their own replacement heifers. In recent years, the standard for the Holstein breed is that heifers should be inseminated no later than 14 months of age and calved at 22-24 months of age. Based on today's realities, many farms are aiming to breed their own young cattle, which in the future will increase profits from raw milk production. For this purpose, farms use various biological additives in the diets for feeding calves up to the age of six months. Due to the high demand of farms for effective feed additives which improve the growth and development of calves in the period of growth, we conducted research on the effect of using the complex functional additives Rumenfit 50 and Ru-menfit 100 in the starter feeds. For the experiment three groups of calves of Holstein breed of 60-65 days of age were formed, which were selected by the method of similar groups: control, first experimental and second ex-perimental. Calves of the control group were fed the basic ration accepted in the farm. Animals of the first experimental group were given the complex functional additive Rumenfit 100 in the composition of the starter mixed fodder at the rate of 10 g per head daily, while calves of the second experimental group received the complex functional additive Rumenfit 50 at the rate of 5 g per head daily, respectively. Based on the data on the monthly reweighting of all animals participating in the scientific and economic experiment, it can be concluded that the average daily live weight gain was higher by 3.5% in the first experimental group and by 1.6% in the second experimental group relatively to the control group after the first month of feeding the experimental groups of animals with the complex functional additives Rumenfit 50 and 100. The average daily live weight gain of the heifers in the first experimental group was 14 g higher than that of the second experimental group at three months of age.
Keywords: calf, live weight, dietary supplement, average daily gain, ration, compound feed.

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