UDC 633.853.483
DOI 10.36461/NP.2025.75.3.015

PRODUCTIVITY OF SAREPTA MUSTARD DEPENDING ON SOWING DATES
O.D. Zanozina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Research Officer
"Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Centre
V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil crops",
Russia, Krasnodar, 89002988359, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Sarepta mustard (Brassica juncea L.) is a promising crop with multiple uses. It is in demand in the food industry, animal husbandry, and agronomy as a green manure crop. In the search for alternative fodder sources and efforts to reduce chemical impacts on ecosystems, this issue becomes especially important. Studies investigating the effect of sowing dates on seed and green mass yield formation, biochemical composition, and the dynamics of macroelement accumulation in the biomass of Sarepta mustard under the agroecological conditions of the Western Ciscaucasia on leached chernozem were conducted on the experimental fields of the central experimental base of the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops in 2021-2023. The experiments showed that the earliest sowing date ensures maximum crop productivity, with the highest yields of seeds (1.70 t/ha), green mass (26.66 t/ha), and dry mass (4.68 t/ha). At this sowing time, there is also intensive accumulation of the main mineral nutrients in the above-ground biomass of the crop: 137.1 kg/ha of nitrogen, 19.0 kg/ha of phosphorus, and 128.8 kg/ha of potassium, indicating optimal use of the region's agroclimatic resources. Delays in sowing lead to a statistically significant reduction in yield and deterioration in seed quality, particularly a decrease in fat content from 46.7% to 44.8%. Although late sowing results in lower yields and a decline in several biochemical indicators, it positively affects the nutritional value of Sarepta mustard green mass, which can be included in cattle diets. Specifically, the protein content in 1 kg of dry matter increased by 23.2 g, fat by 12.3 g, forage units by 0.06, and metabolizable energy by 0.3 MJ. This underscores the importance of optimizing sowing times to use resources efficiently and achieve maximum productivity of Sarepta mustard.
Keywords: Sarepta mustard (Brassica juncea L.), sowing time, green mass, dry biomass, yield, oil content of seeds, oil harvesting, nutritional value.

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