UDC 631.331
DOI 10.36461/NP.2025.73.1.013

DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH OF A SHOE-TYPE OPENER WITH ADJUSTABLE STIFFNESS OF THE ELASTIC TINE
M.A. Terekhin¹ Candidate of Technical Sciences, Leading Engineer;
P.A. Kosyakov¹ Candidate of Technical Sciences, Leading Design Engineer;
P.N. Khorev² Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor
¹AO "Radiozavod" (JSC), Penza;
²Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University" Penza, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

In the design of grain seeders and sowing systems, the shoe-type openers are used for separate applica-tion of mineral fertilizers into the soil and for sowing. Structurally, they can be designed in the form of a culti-vator working organ with spring suspension of the S-shaped tine and with fixed attachment of the tine to the seeder frame. This article presents the proposed design of a shoe-type opener in the form of a cultivator work-ing organ on an S-shaped elastic tine equipped with a device for adjusting its stiffness. The purpose of the study is to determine the movement and the resulting stresses of a S-shaped elastic tine in the basic design and with the device developed to change its stiffness. The results of the study on the stiffness of the S-shaped elastic opener tine depending on the adjustment parameters of the adjustment device, which was made in the form of computer modeling of the opener-soil interaction process, are also presented. As a result of the tests carried out, it is found that the device for adjusting the stiffness of the S-shaped elastic opener tine is capable of increasing its stiffness by 1.3...3.4 times compared to the basic tine, i.e. the increase in stiffness from 22.6 N/mm for the basic tine up to 29.6 N/mm when the spike of the tine stiffness adjustment device is aligned with the last adjustment groove and up to 77.5 N/mm when the spike of the tine stiffness adjustment device is aligned with the first adjustment groove.
Keywords: shoe-type opener, S-shaped elastic tine, stiffness, adjustment, seeding, mineral fertilizers, modeling.

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