UDC 633.63:632.5
DOI 10.36461/NP.2024.72.4.008

WEED SPECIES COMPOSITION AND INFESTATION OF SUGAR BEET CROPS DEPENDING ON THE LEVEL OF ARABLE LAND DEVELOPMENT
E.V. Zheryakov, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor,
S.A. Semina, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor,
A.S. Paliychuk, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences
Federal Federal State-Funded Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The article presents the results of research to determine the species composition and abundance of the weed component in crops during sugar beet cultivation on old arable and newly introduced lands, as well as to determine the effect of herbicides on weeds and cultivated plants. It was found that after the first treatment with betanal herbicides, dicotyledonous weeds that formed two true leaves were more noticeably resistant to the herbicide, as a result of which the efficiency of the latter decreased to 96 %. In the cotyledon stage of dicotyledonous weeds, 98-99% of them died. Herbicides inhibit the growth and mass of cultivated plants. The combination of herbicides used in the second treatment contributed not only to the purification of crops from weeds (92-99%), but also had a negative impact – phytotoxicity for sugar beet was 18.0-18.5%, regardless of the level of development of arable land. As a result of the third herbicide treatment, the death of annual dicotyledonous weeds on old arable lands was 94.7-98.3%, on developed and introduced into crop rotation – 94.3-98.5%. The biological effectiveness of the applied herbicide combination in its effects on perennial dicotyledonous weeds was high and amounted to 94-95%. At the same time, the level of phytotoxicity of the applied herbicide combination for sugar beet significantly decreased (up to 12-13%), compared with earlier herbicide treatments.
Keywords: herbicides, hybrids, weeds, sugar beet, phytotoxicity.

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