DOI 10.36461/NP.2024.69.1.007
UDC 633.111.1:577.2

ECOLOGICAL VALENCE OF WINTER WHEAT CULTIVARS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FOOTHILL ZONE OF THE CENTRAL CAUCASUS
I. R. Manukyan Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor
North Caucasus Scientific Research Institute of Hill and Foothill Agriculture – branch of the Federal State Scientific Center "Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The aim of the study is to determine the productivity potential of the studied cultivars of winter wheat according to the parameters of ecological valence. The variation of the grain weight per ear indicator in a cultivar ranged from 9.4% (Nureke) to 26.0% (Homer). Significant plasticity of a trait depending on external factors was the distinct feature of the cultivars Lilith (25.0), Homer (26.0). The coefficient of adaptability (CA) was higher than 100% in cultivars Avalanche, Cobra, Bagrat, Kapitan, Adele, Don 107. According to the linearity regression coefficient or ecological valence, the cultivars Cobra and Bagratwere were highly responsive to improving growing conditions (bi ≥ 1). Cultivars that react poorly to changes in growing conditions (bi < 1) include Avalanche, Homer, Lilith, Izuminka, Kapitan, Adele, Nureke, Don 107. They are more effective when cultivated on autumn ploughed soils as their yield was reduced to a lesser extent compared to intensive cultivars.
The cultivars that were identified with the maximum manifestation of the sign of drought resistance (MSTI) were Cobra – 2.4, Kapitan – 1.9, Bagrat – 1.4, Nureke – 1.4, Don 107 – 1.2. According to the plant productivity index, the Cobra cultivar stood out – 9.3. In other cultivars, the index values ranged from 3.7 (Nureke) to 7.7 (Lilith). A smaller sum of ranks when using most evaluation methods was obtained for the cultivars Cobra, Bagrat, Adele, Lilith (the sum of ranks from 10 to 24). These cultivars are characterized by resistance to varying growing conditions and are able to form high productivity in contrasting climatic conditions.
Winter soft wheat cultivars with high overall adaptive ability, resistance to stressors and high productivity include: Cobra, Bagrat, Adele, Lilith, which can serve as sources of economically useful traits and be used in the breeding process.
Keywords: winter soft wheat, productivity, cultivar, ecological plasticity, adaptability

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