UDC 633.162:631.58:631.53.041
DOI 10.36461/NP.2023.66.2.016
THE EFFICIENCY OF THE TECHNOLOGY OF DIRECT SEEDING OF SPRING BARLEY IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION
A.L. Toigildin, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor; I.A. Toigildina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor; D.E. Ayupov, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor; A.S. Nekhodin, graduate student; L.R. Mukhametvaleev, graduate student; G.A. Chizhikova, graduate student
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Ulyanovsk Stolypin State Agrarian University”, Ulyanovsk, Russia, tel. 8-(8422)55-95-75, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
In conditions of growing prices for fixed and circulating assets of crop production, the search for agrotechnologies aimed at increasing the economic efficiency of production is relevant. The purpose of the study is to give an economic assessment of the technology of direct seeding and to substantiate the norms for the application of mineral fertilizers in the cultivation of barley in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region. Evaluation of the efficiency of the technology of direct seeding of spring barley in comparison with the recommended technology of its cultivation (factor A) in the conditions of the norms of mineral fertilizers (factor B: 0 – without fertilizers; B1 – N45 P30K30; B2 – N90P60K60) was carried out at the Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University based on stationary field experience. Studies have shown that in the arid conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region, direct seeding allows for an increase in barley yield in comparison with the recommended technology. Mineral fertilizers with a norm of N45P30K30 increased the yield of barley by 25.6% relative to the variant without fertilizers using traditional technology and by 24.7% using direct seeding, with payback of 7.1 kg of barley grain per 1 kg of fertilizer. Increasing the norms of mineral fertilizers to N90P60K60 increased yields, but their payback decreased. Direct seeding requires 40-41 l/ha less fuel, and in general, costs decreased by 1030-1974 rubles/ha or 3.0-10.0% compared to the recommended technology. According to the technology of direct seeding, in the conditions of introduction of N45P30K30, the largest conditional net income was obtained – 17,563 rubles/ha, with production profitability level of 62.9%. Increasing the norm of mineral fertilizers application to N90P60K60 significantly reduced the economic efficiency both in the recommended technology and in direct seeding.
Keywords: direct seeding, barley, norms of mineral fertilizers, economic efficiency.
