UDC 633.88+661.162.66
DOI 10.36461/NP.2023.66.2.003
FORMATION OF CALENDULA OFFICINALIS AGROCENOSES WITH THE USE OF GROWTH REGULATORS
V.A. Gushchina, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor; O.N. Kukharev, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor; E.A. Kutikhina, Postgraduate; N.V. Fayustova, Master
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia, tel. (8412) 628-367, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Modern agricultural technologies widely use growth regulators of biological origin that do not have mutagenic effects on medicinal plants, increase their resistance to environmental stresses, and affect productivity, which depends on the formation of healthy seedlings. Therefore, it was necessary to determine the effect of biological growth regulators on the field germination of Calendula officinalis seeds and the safety of plants after foliar feeding in the leaf rosette phase with the same preparations. The two-factor field experiment was conducted in 2020-2022 on the collection plot of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University" on meadow-chernozem soil. Seeds of Calendula officinalis varieties Kalta and Zolotoe More were pre-soaked in water (control) and in growth stimulants Bioduks, Agrostimul, Tsirkon, Krezatsin and then fed with the same preparations at the phase of three pairs of true leaves. On average over three years, it was found that the variety Zolotoe More had the highest field germination (79.1%). It was lower by 3.3 % in the variety Kalta. The greatest effect was obtained by seed treatment with Agrostimul and Bioduks, whose stimulation allowed to obtain 82.2 and 80.0% of seedlings in the first variety and 79.8 and 77.9% in the second variety, with plant density of 38.5 and 37.2 pcs./m2, respectively. The safety of the plants was almost the same, 79.9 % and 80.1 %, and it reached 82.1% when Tsirkon was used. In the variety Zolotoe More, where Bioduks and Tsirkon were applied twice, the plant survival rate was 64.4 and 65.0%, respectively. When they were used on the variety Kalta, it increased to 63.0 %. In terms of moisture conditions, the most optimal year was 2022, when plant survival rate for the variety Zolotoe More was 60.1...67.5 %, and for the variety Kalta – 56.0...67.5 %
Keywords: Calendula officinalis, growth regulators, field germination, density, safety, survival rate, agrocenosis.
