UDC 631/635: 633/635: 633
DOI 10.36461/NP.2023.65.1.008
YIELD STRUCTURE OF DIFFERENT SPRING WHEAT VARIETIES IN PLANT PROTECTION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE SOUTHERN URALS
А.А.Kuteeva1, deputy manager, applicant; G.F. Yartsev2, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor
1Branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Russian Agricultural Center" in the Orenburg Region, Orenburg, Russia, tel. 89228580936, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
2Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Orenburg State Agrarian University", Orenburg, Russia, tel. 89128462695, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Plant damage by various diseases is often accompanied by a significant reduction in the yield of food crops. In this regard, the exclusion of losses of potential yield of spring wheat has a high relevance. The aim of the research was to establish the peculiarities of formation of yield structure elements under the influence of various seed dressing agents and to identify their varietal characteristics. The studies were conducted in 2015-2018 on the southern chernozems of the educational and experimental field of the Orenburg SAU with the varieties Oren-burgskaya 10, Yugo-Vostochnaya 2, L 503 and seed dressers Scenic Comby, TMTD-plus, Turion, Raksil Ultra and Phytosporin M (1.0 l/t). Agronomic techniques corresponded to the zonal one. Field experiments were car-ried out in accordance with generally accepted methods. It was found that the use of the seed dressers, with the exception of Phytosporin M (1.0 l/t), was accompanied by an increase in yield and associated with a positive change in the elements of the structure. Higher efficiency of the preparation Turion (0.35 l/t) was provided by the higher weight of grains per ear (0.28 g) with not the highest density of productive stem (341 units/m2). Being inferior to its effectiveness, Raxil Ultra (0.25 l/t) and TMTD-plus (2.5 l/t) did not provide the same or higher levels of yield due to lower grain weight per ear (0.27 g and 0.26 g) at a higher density of productive stems - 349 and 354 units/m2. Different varieties are characterized by individual characteristics of the correlation of yield with the elements of the structure. If the weight of grains per ear had the greatest impact on the yield of all varieties, the second most important element for the varieties Orenburgskaya 10 and Yugo-Vostochnaya 2 was the mass of 1000 grains, and for the variety L-503 - the density of productive stem, which for the variety Yugo-Vostochnaya 2 was the third most important element of the structure, and for the variety Orenburgskaya 10 was not included in the number of significant elements.
Keywords: spring wheat, varieties, seed dressers, grain yield, yield structure.
