UDC 633.854.54 : 632.5.01/.08
DOI 10.36461/NP.2023.65.1.012
EVALUATION OF THE WEED COMPONENT IN OILSEED FLAX CROPS AS A BASIS FOR PHYTOSANITARY DESIGN
D.V. Bochkarev1, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor; A.V. Stolyarov1, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor; A.N. Nikolsky1, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor; G.N. Kuznetsova, 2Candidate of Agricultural Sciences; V.D. Bochkarev1, Candidate for Master's Degree; A. G. Vishnyakov1, Candidate for Master's Degree.
1National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
2The Siberian Experimental Station – A Branch of V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Isilkul, Omsk Region, Russia.
The article presents the results of studying the long-term dynamics of the weed component of oilseed flax agrophytocenoses in the South of the Non-Chernozem Zone of the Russian Federation. It was found that under conditions of extensive cultivation, the highest abundance is characteristic of the groups of early spring, rhizomatous and root-sprouting weeds. The population density of wintering weeds has now increased. The population density of the late spring species – cockspur grass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.), and green bristlegrass (Setaria viridis (L.) P. Beauv.) has increased. Rhizomatous and root-sprouting perennial species have maintained their species composition but have significantly reduced their numbers. It is mainly formed by field horsetail (Equisetum arvense L.), marsh woundwort (Stachys palustris L.) and field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.). The taxonomic structure of the weed cenosis remained quite stable. Depending on the level of oilseed flax cultivation technology, representatives of 58-73 genera were found. At the same time, most of them were monotypic or oligotypic. The main role in the formation of the segetal flora was played by representatives of the families: Asteraceae (18-27 %), Brassicaceae (11-13 %), Poaceae (8-13 %), Lamiaceae (7-11 %), and Fabaceae (3-7 % of all recorded species). Regardless of the level of applied technology, species from the Poaceae, Polygonaceae, Convolvulaceae, and Lamiaceae families stably maintained their population density. The polyspecific weed spectrum that forms in oilseed flax crops currently requires a complex application of graminicides and herbicides against dicotyledonous weeds.
Keywords: oilseed flax, weed species, population density, agrobiological groups, taxonomic analysis.
