UDC 631.531.027
DOI 10.36461/NP.2025.74.2.012

LABORATORY STUDIES ON THE SS-0.5 SCARIFIER FOR THE PRE-SOWING TREATMENT OF PERENNIAL HERBACEOUS LEGUME SEEDS
S.A. Kshnikatkin¹, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor;
P.G. Alenin1, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor; I.S. Kalyaev¹, Postgraduate;
I.A. Voronova¹, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor;
D.A. Sumenkova1, Student; Yu.I. Kurmashev¹, Student, I.V. Lyubavin1, Student; I.R. Aisin¹, Student;
V.V. Konovalov², Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor;
¹Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia, tel. (8412) 628-359, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
²Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Technological University", Penza, Russia

The cultivation of non-traditional fodder crops is one of the foundations for creating a fodder base for livestock breeding, because increasing the proportion of high-quality fodder produced on the basis of non-traditional perennial herbaceous legumes makes it possible to provide animals with proteins and the necessary mineral components, and this, in turn, makes it possible to solve the problem of providing the population with environmentally friendly livestock products. The article presents the design and principle of operation of the SS-0.5 scarifier designed for pre-sowing preparation of seeds of perennial herbaceous legumes. Its technological scheme is based on the following technical solutions: a scarifier contains a loading hopper, a body whose inner surface is covered with abrasive, and in the lower part there are bag holders. The body has the shape of a cylinder and a scarifying element in the form of a flat disk coated with abrasive is permanently installed in it under the rotating working disk. Under the hopper on the drive shaft there is a rotating working unit in the form of a vertically mounted cylinder, in the lower part of which there are four evenly arranged distributors in the form of tubes with a rectangular cross-section. The studies of the scarifier with disk-shaped working bodies were carried out using the multifactorial experiment design technique. The paper presents a second-order full-factor model and graphical dependencies of two-dimensional sections of the model of the influence of factors on the number of treated seeds after scarification depending on the design parameters of the scarifier (rotation frequency of the working body, number of distributors). The best indicator of the number of treated seeds after scarification 96.7 % corresponds to the rotation frequency of the working body 1000...1100 min-1 with four distributors, which corresponds to the agrotechnical requirements.
The purpose of the study is to increase the germination of seeds of perennial herbaceous legumes with a hard shell by using the seed scarifier with the disk working body.
Keywords: fodder, perennial, herbaceous legumes, non-traditional, eastern galega, hard shell, seeds, scarifier, scarification, disk, rotating working unit, distributors, supply, completeness of scarification, germination.

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