DOI 10.36461/NP.2024.71.3.012
UDC 633.63 + (470.4)

INFLUENCE OF HARVEST DATES ON THE FORMATION OF SUGAR BEET ROOT YIELD IN THE FOREST-STEPPE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION
Kolesov A.E., Postgraduate, Bogomazov S.V., Candidate of Agricultural Scienc-es, Associate Professor,
Tkachuk O.A., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor, Shcher-bakov A.S., Postgraduate
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", Penza, Russia, tel. 8-(8412)628-546, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of the harvest date on the yield and quality of sugar beet roots under the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region. The influence of the harvest date of sugar beet on the yield and sugar content of root crops, the sugar yield, was determined. The lowest root yields of 31.71-36.12 t/ha, sugar content – 17.60-17.92 %, sugar yield – 5.79-6.9 t/ha were observed when harvesting in the third decade of August. In the root crop harvest in the third decade of Sep-tember, the yield was 38.14-44.60 t/ha, the sugar content – 18.65-19.16 % and the sugar yield – 7.67-8.40 t/ha. In root crops, a high yield was observed at the beginning of the harvest in the third decade of October - 48.67-51.92 t/ha, the sugar content of root crops was 18.37-18.83 %, the sugar yield - 9.29-9.94 t/ha. An early harvest of sugar beet shortens the vegetation period by 30-40 days, which reduces the yield by 17.39-32.91 % and the sugar yield by 28.34-53.9 %.
The application of the mouldboard tillage system for sugar beet helped to increase the yield at harvest time of sugar beet roots on average by 5.18-14.48 %, the sugar content of root crops by 0.30-0.39 % and the sugar yield by 0.96-8.12 %, compared to the non-mouldboard tillage and minimum shallow tillage.
The application of the stubble destructor Effect Bio contributed to a slight increase in the sugar content of root crops – 0.03-0.15 %, and in the experi-mental variants this indicator was 18.35-18.54 %, which led to an increase in sugar yield by 0.01-0.04 t/ha.
Keywords: sugar beet, tillage system, stubble destructor, yield, sugar con-tent.

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