DOI 10.36461/NP.2024.70.2.019
UDC 633.15+631.82

SILICON FERTILIZERS AND FORMATION OF CORN YIELDS
S. A. Semina, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor; I.V. Gavryushina, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor; A.S. Paliychuk, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, E.V. Nikulina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences; Goryainova O.A., student
Penza State Agrarian University, Russia e-mail: seminapenza@rambler.ru

The article presents the results of research on the formation of corn phytomass yield depending on the type of silicon-containing fertilizer and the period of foliar fertilization. The use of silicon-containing fertilizers, depending on the duration and frequency of treatment, contributed to an increase in photosynthetic potential by 9.6-17.8%. A large total leaf surface during the growing season was formed by binary treatment with Nanokremniy and Microvit-6 Silicon, as well as in the variant using Microvit-6 Silicon in the five-leaf stage. However, as the size of the assimilation apparatus increases, a decrease in photosynthesis productivity is noted. A higher yield level of crude phytomass was obtained in variants with Microvit-6 Silicon: with a single treatment, an additional 7.5-8.0 t/ha of green mass was obtained, and with a double treatment, the increase was 12.4 t/ha or 27.6% of the control. Top dressing with Nanokremniy and Kelic Potassium + Silicon in the 7-8 leaf stage contributed 3.1-4.4 t/ha of green mass to the control, and when treated in the five leaf stage, the increase was 1.3-1.9 t/ha. The binary use of Nanokremniy contributed to an increase in the yield of phytomass by 15.6%, and Potassium + Kelic Silicon by 10.3% to the control.
Keywords: corn, silicon-containing fertilizers, top dressing, photosynthesis, yield.

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